Raman pumps power distribution optimization for maximum overall gain and flatness of a hybrid SOA/EDFA/Raman optical amplifier
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Ajaybeer Kaur
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Manjit Singh Bhamrah
Abstract
A hybrid optical amplifier (HOA) is designed and optimized for the transmission of 40 dense wavelength division multiplexed system (DWDM) channels modulated at 10 Gbps having 25 GHz spacing at the edge of the L and U wavelength bands over more than 250 km. Multi-parameter optimization process is used to achieve the highest gain and best gain flatness. Different power combinations distributed among four lasers of a total forward pumping power (1270 mW) and total backward pumping power of either 730 mW or 850 mW are investigated for their effect on the hybrid amplifier gain and flatness. The best power distribution among the pumps provides about 31 dB overall gain with a flatness about 0.8 dB and noise figure ∼5.7 dB. It is found that the red-shifted pumps’ wavelengths should be used in the forward direction, while the blue-shifted pumps’ wavelengths should be used in the backward direction.
Funding source: Department of Science and Technology New Delhi https://dst.gov.in/
Award Identifier / Grant number: SR/WOS-A/ET-96/2016
Acknowledgement
The author thanks, Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, New Delhi for providing financial support through project SR/WOS-A/ET-96/2016 under Women Scientist Scheme-A.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Amplifiers
- Performance analysis of long band passive optical network using amplifier spontaneous noise and fiber Bragg gratings
- Raman pumps power distribution optimization for maximum overall gain and flatness of a hybrid SOA/EDFA/Raman optical amplifier
- Devices
- A proposal for all optical digital multiplexer using photonic crystal-based nonlinear ring resonators
- A tunable optical frequency comb source using cascaded frequency modulator and Mach–Zehnder modulators
- A proposal for gray to BCD converter using nonlinear ring resonators
- An investigation and analysis of plasmonic modulators: a review
- Fibers
- High data-rate two-three inputs all-optical AND gate based on FWM in highly nonlinear fiber
- Fiber nonlinear impairments compensation based on nonlinear step size and modified adaptive digital back propagation
- Integrated Optics
- Sensing performance of Au–Ag bimetal coated planar waveguide having polyaniline polymer film for biosensing applications
- Networks
- Performance analysis of wavelength division multiplexing MDM-PON system using different advanced modulations
- Analysis of optical networks in presence of nodes noise and crosstalk
- RNN based EPON dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm for complex network
- Efficient design of a Raman amplified wavelength division multiplexed communication network at 1330 nm
- A novel strategy to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for data center traffic in elastic optical networks
- Receivers
- Underwater wireless optical communication utilizing multiple input–multiple output (MIMO)-LED system for RF transmission with solar panel receiver
- A systematic literature review on channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM system: performance analysis and future direction
- Systems
- Effect of optical pulse shaping and adaptive equalization on the performance of 100G DP-QPSK WDM system
- Pulse width shortening combinations (PWSC) for ultra-dense WDM systems and calculation of PWSE
- Power allocation scheme in MIMO-OFDM UWOC system with varying receiver spacing channel gain analysis
- Free-space optical link optimization in visible light communication system
- Determining code parameters to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency in fiber-optic CDMA systems
- Optical wireless communication under the effect of low electric field
- Multibeam FSO-based 5G communication system using M-ary DPSK encoder
- Review of fibreless optical communication technology: history, evolution, and emerging trends
- Theory
- Throughput analysis of dual hop hybrid RF-VLC system with wireless energy harvesting
- Average spectral efficiency of multi-pulse position with adaptive transmissions and aperture averaging over atmospheric turbulence
- Dynamic changes of VN resource requests research on dynamic VN mapping algorithms for increasing demand for resources
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Amplifiers
- Performance analysis of long band passive optical network using amplifier spontaneous noise and fiber Bragg gratings
- Raman pumps power distribution optimization for maximum overall gain and flatness of a hybrid SOA/EDFA/Raman optical amplifier
- Devices
- A proposal for all optical digital multiplexer using photonic crystal-based nonlinear ring resonators
- A tunable optical frequency comb source using cascaded frequency modulator and Mach–Zehnder modulators
- A proposal for gray to BCD converter using nonlinear ring resonators
- An investigation and analysis of plasmonic modulators: a review
- Fibers
- High data-rate two-three inputs all-optical AND gate based on FWM in highly nonlinear fiber
- Fiber nonlinear impairments compensation based on nonlinear step size and modified adaptive digital back propagation
- Integrated Optics
- Sensing performance of Au–Ag bimetal coated planar waveguide having polyaniline polymer film for biosensing applications
- Networks
- Performance analysis of wavelength division multiplexing MDM-PON system using different advanced modulations
- Analysis of optical networks in presence of nodes noise and crosstalk
- RNN based EPON dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm for complex network
- Efficient design of a Raman amplified wavelength division multiplexed communication network at 1330 nm
- A novel strategy to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for data center traffic in elastic optical networks
- Receivers
- Underwater wireless optical communication utilizing multiple input–multiple output (MIMO)-LED system for RF transmission with solar panel receiver
- A systematic literature review on channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM system: performance analysis and future direction
- Systems
- Effect of optical pulse shaping and adaptive equalization on the performance of 100G DP-QPSK WDM system
- Pulse width shortening combinations (PWSC) for ultra-dense WDM systems and calculation of PWSE
- Power allocation scheme in MIMO-OFDM UWOC system with varying receiver spacing channel gain analysis
- Free-space optical link optimization in visible light communication system
- Determining code parameters to achieve the maximum bandwidth efficiency in fiber-optic CDMA systems
- Optical wireless communication under the effect of low electric field
- Multibeam FSO-based 5G communication system using M-ary DPSK encoder
- Review of fibreless optical communication technology: history, evolution, and emerging trends
- Theory
- Throughput analysis of dual hop hybrid RF-VLC system with wireless energy harvesting
- Average spectral efficiency of multi-pulse position with adaptive transmissions and aperture averaging over atmospheric turbulence
- Dynamic changes of VN resource requests research on dynamic VN mapping algorithms for increasing demand for resources
