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Managing Network Based Governance Structures in Disasters: The Case of the Passau Flood in 2013

  • Sebastian Wittmann EMAIL logo , Marlen Jurisch and Helmut Krcmar
Published/Copyright: June 30, 2015

Abstract

Over the past decades, an increasing number of environmental situations posed threats to humans and assets. Natural disasters happen more frequently and with higher intensity – such as floods caused by heavy rains. One example was the flood that hit in the middle of Europe in 2013. This article reports a single case study of the flood in the German city of Passau in 2013. In the case study we analyze the governance structure employed throughout the flooding as well as how it was managed. Beyond this, we examine how information and communication technology supported the management staff in fulfilling their tasks. Data were collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews with members of the management staff from the main organizations involved in the relief work for the Passau Flood in 2013. Our results show that a hybrid governance structure was employed. All in all, the disaster could be averted, but we identified several challenges and areas for improvement, which could be helpful for managing future disasters successfully.


Corresponding author: Sebastian Wittmann, TUM Faculty of Informatics, Chair for Information Systems (i17), Boltzmannstr. 3, 85748 Garching, Germany, e-mail:

Appendix

Appendix A: Fact Sheet

Table 7

The Flood of Passau 2013 at a Glance.

Water level peak Danube1289 meter (m) (normal level 490 m)
Water level peak Inn1020 meter (normal level 230 m)
Relief workersApprox. 5000
People in citizen initiativesApprox. 5000
Flooded buildings1186
Affected citizens7155
Damaged buildings800
Affected area241 ha
Caused damageApprox. 190 MIO Euro

Source: (Government of Passau 2014).

Appendix B: Interview Guideline

Table 8

Interview Guideline.

Preface
 In which time span did you participate in the operation?
 Which function/role did you carried out within your organization?
 Which function/role did you carried out to other organizations?
 Which role did your organization carried out in the operation?
 Any positive aspects concerning the operation?
 Do you remember any room for improvement?
Macro perspective
 How were the single organizations structured together?
 How was the overall information flow organized?
 How was the overall decision making and enforcement managed?
Micro perspective
 Which structure where employed do manage the units of your organization?
 How did the management team work?
 Which kind of command room/vehicle was used for the management team?
Support of information and communication technology
 Which communication media where used?
 In which kind did information systems support the management team?
 How were the operation relevant information stored/prepared/represented?
 Did any kind of workaround exist for lacking technical/non technical utilities?
Social media/Citizen Initiatives
 How was the communication with the citizen initiatives organized?
 At which point of time did you notice the huge participation of citizen initiatives?
 What kind of structure had these citizen initiatives?
 Did they use any kind of IT systems, offering any advantages?

Source: Based on (Schwabe and Krcmar 1996).

Appendix C: Coding Schema and Code Application Frequency

Table 9

Coding Schema.

CategoryFrequency
Employed ICT and utilities69
 Employed ICT25
 Conventional utilities15
 Shortcomings of employed utilities29
Governance model375
 Structure
  Internal structure of employed organizations23
  Between structure of employed organizations68
  Coordination structure of employed organizations76
 Policies
  Policies to guide collaboration27
 Processes
  Decision making and enforcement96
  Requesting supra local forces85
 In Total:444

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Published Online: 2015-6-30
Published in Print: 2015-9-1

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