Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) leaves
-
Ika P. Dewi
,
Rifdah B. Kwintana
Abstract
Objectives
The sugarcane leaf is rich inphytochemical content. It is rarely used because it is a waste although it has potential activity as antimutation, anti inflammation, and antioxidation. There is no study about its hepatoprotective activity yet. This study was conducted to determine the hepatoprotection of sugarcane leaves in tested animals with liver acute injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).
Methods
Twenty-four Wistar strain rats were divided into three groups of experimental animals (dose 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg) and three control groups (normal, positive, and negative). The ethanol extract of sugarcane leaves obtained from Panti, Jember, was made using the maceration method. The animals were treated for 14 days by giving the extract to the treatment group. One hour after treatment on the last day, the test animals were given CCl4 intraperitoneally except for the normal group. On the 15th day, the blood of the test animal was taken to be tested for the biochemical value of the liver (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alanine phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin) and examined for its liver to be made histological preparations.
Results
The results showed that the treatment with a dose of 500 mg/kg was able to decrease AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin parameters compared to the negative control. The extract also provided improvements in liver tissue histology compared to the negative control.
Conclusions
Sugarcane leaf ethanol extract (SCLE) has a potential hepatoprotective effect.
Funding source: The Research and Community Service Institute of Universitas Jember
Award Identifier / Grant number: 13452/UN25/LT/2019
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Mr. Ari Satia Nugraha for the technical support.
-
Research funding: This research was funded by The Research and Community Service Institute of Universitas Jember.
-
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
-
Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
-
Ethical approval: The protocol of this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Dentistry Faculty of Universitas Jember (No. 584/UN25.8/KEPK/DL/2019).
References
1. Asrani, SK, Devarbhavi, H, Eaton, J, Kamath, PS. Burden of liver diseases in the world. J Hepatol 2019;70:151–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.09.014.Suche in Google Scholar
2. Indonesian Ministry of Health. Data and information of Indonesia health profile 2019. Jakarta: Indonesian Ministry of Health; 2020:163 p.Suche in Google Scholar
3. World Health Organization. Indonesia Source GLOBOCAN 2018 [Internet]. International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2019, vol 256. Available from: http://gco.iarc.fr/ [Accessed 7 Oct 2020].Suche in Google Scholar
4. Wu, H, Zhang, G, Huang, L, Pang, H, Zhang, N, Chen, Y, et al.. Hepatoprotective effect of polyphenol-enriched fraction from Folium microcos on oxidative stress and apoptosis in acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017;2017:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3631565.Suche in Google Scholar
5. Sajid, M, Khan, MR, Shah, NA, Shah, SA, Ismail, H, Younis, T, et al.. Phytochemical, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Alnus nitida bark in carbon tetrachloride challenged Sprague Dawley rats. BMC Compl Alternative Med 2016;16:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1245-3.Suche in Google Scholar
6. Tsai, JC, Chiu, CS, Chen, YC, Lee, MS, Hao, XY, Hsieh, MT, et al.. Hepatoprotective effect of Coreopsis tinctoria flowers against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice. BMC Compl Alternative Med 2017;17:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1604-8.Suche in Google Scholar
7. Wu, T, Li, J, Li, Y, Song, H. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of swertiamarin on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;41:2242–54. https://doi.org/10.1159/000475639.Suche in Google Scholar
8. Basu, S. Carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation: eicosanoid formation and their regulation by antioxidant nutrients. Toxicology 2003;189:113–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00157-4.Suche in Google Scholar
9. Fujimoto, J, Iimuro, Y. Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. In: Comprehensive toxicology, 2nd ed. Oxford: Elsevier; 2010:437–55 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-046884-6.01018-6.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Cai, Y, Luo, Q, Sun, M, Corke, H. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of 112 traditional Chinese medicinal plants associated with anticancer. Life Sci 2004;74:2157–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2003.09.047.Suche in Google Scholar
11. Duarte-Almeida, JM, Salatino, A, Genovese, MI, Lajolo, FM. Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of culms and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) products. Food Chem 2011;125:660–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.09.059.Suche in Google Scholar
12. Wang, BS, Duh, PD, Wu, SC, Huang, MH. Effects of the aqueous extract of sugarcane leaves on antimutation and nitric oxide generation. Food Chem 2011;124:495–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.06.060.Suche in Google Scholar
13. Ali, SE, El Gedaily, RA, Mocan, A, Farag, MA, El-Seedi, HR. Profiling metabolites and biological activities of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum linn.) juice and its product molasses via a multiplex metabolomics approach. Molecules 2019;24:1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24050934.Suche in Google Scholar
14. Khan, SW, Tahir, M, Lone Pervez, K, Munir, B, Latif, W. Protective effect of Saccharum officinarum L. (sugar cane) juice on isoniazid induced hepatotoxicity in male albino mice. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2015;27:346.Suche in Google Scholar
15. Singh, A, Lal, U, Mukhtar, H, Singh, P, Shah, G, Dhawan, R. Phytochemical profile of sugarcane and its potential health aspects. Pharmacogn Rev 2015;9:45. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.156340.Suche in Google Scholar
16. Wang, B, Li, Y, Mizu, M, Furuta, T, Li, CM. Protective effect of sugar cane extract against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colonic inflammation in mice. Tissue Cell 2016;49:8–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tice.2016.12.008.Suche in Google Scholar
17. Xia, Y, Li, Y, Shen, X, Mizu, M, Furuta, T, Li, C. Effect of dietary supplementation with sugar cane extract on meat quality and oxidative stability in finishing pigs. Anim Nutr 2017;3:295–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2017.05.002.Suche in Google Scholar
18. Khan, SW, Ghafoor, A, Ahamd, N. Hepatoprotective properties of sugarcane juice and vitamin C were compared in a mouse model of liver injury induced by INH (isoniazid). PJMHS 2018;12:764–7.Suche in Google Scholar
19. Bucio-Noble, D, Kautto, L, Krisp, C, Ball, MS, Molloy, MP. Polyphenol extracts from dried sugarcane inhibit inflammatory mediators in an in vitro colon cancer model. J Proteomics 2018;177:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2018.02.009.Suche in Google Scholar
20. Colombo, R, Lanças, FM, Yariwake, JH. Determination of flavonoids in cultivated sugarcane leaves, bagasse, juice and in transgenic sugarcane by liquid chromatography-UV detection. J Chromatogr A 2006;1103:118–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.007.Suche in Google Scholar
21. Panche, AN, Diwan, AD, Chandra, SR. Flavonoids: an overview. J Nutr Sci 2016;5. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.41.Suche in Google Scholar
22. Tsai, J-C, Peng, W-H, Chiu, T-H, Huang, S-C, Huang, T-H, Lai, S-C, et al.. Hepatoprotective effect of Scoparia dulcis on carbon tetrachloride induced acute liver injury in mice. Am J Chin Med 2010;38:761–75. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x10008226.Suche in Google Scholar
23. Chiu, YJ, Chou, SC, Chiu, CS, Kao, CP, Wu, KC, Chen, CJ, et al.. Hepatoprotective effect of the ethanol extract of Polygonum orientale on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice. J Food Drug Anal 2018;26:369–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2017.04.007.Suche in Google Scholar
24. Panjaitan, RG, Handharyani, E, Chairul, M, Zakiah, Z, Manalu, W. The effect of carbon tetrachloride administration on liver and renal function. Makara Kesehatan 2007;11:11–6.10.7454/msk.v11i1.217Suche in Google Scholar
25. Analyticon. Fluitest GOT AST. In: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG. Germany: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG; 2018.Suche in Google Scholar
26. Analyticon. Fluitest GPT ALT. In: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG. Germany: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG; 2018.Suche in Google Scholar
27. Analyticon. Fluitest ALP DGKC. In: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG. Germany: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG; 2016.Suche in Google Scholar
28. Analyticon. Fluitest Bil direct Bilirubin Jendrassik/Grof method. In: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG. Germany: Analyticon® Biotechnologies AG; 2017.Suche in Google Scholar
29. Liu, Z, Que, S, Xu, J, Peng, T. Alanine aminotransferase-old biomarker and new concept: a review. Int J Med Sci 2014;11:925–35. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.8951.Suche in Google Scholar
30. Azmir, J, Zaidul, ISM, Rahman, MM, Sharif, KM, Mohamed, A, Sahena, F, et al.. Techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials: a review. J Food Eng 2013;117:426–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.01.014.Suche in Google Scholar
31. Rowe, RC, Sheskey, PJ, Quinn, ME, editors. Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients, 6th ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press and American Pharmacist Association; 2009.Suche in Google Scholar
32. Peng, B, Yan, W. Solubility of luteolin in ethanol and water mixed solvents at different temperatures. J Chem Eng Data 2010;55:583–5. https://doi.org/10.1021/je900381r.Suche in Google Scholar
33. Vila, FC, Colombo, R, De Lira, TO, Yariwake, JH. HPLC microfractionation of flavones and antioxidant (radical scavenging) activity of Saccharum officinarum L. J Braz Chem Soc 2008;19:903–8. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-50532008000500014.Suche in Google Scholar
34. Kim, HY, Park, J, Lee, KH, Lee, DU, Kwak, JH, Kim, YS, et al.. Ferulic acid protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. Toxicology 2011;282:104–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2011.01.017.Suche in Google Scholar
35. Dongare, PP, Dhande, SR, Kadam, VJ. Standardization of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat. Am J PharmTech Res 2013;3:438–45.Suche in Google Scholar
36. Marques, TG, Chaib, E, da Fonseca, JH, Lourenço, ACR, Silva, FD, Ribeiro, MAF, et al.. Review of experimental models for inducing hepatic cirrhosis by bile duct ligation and carbon tetrachloride injection. Acta Cir Bras 2012;27:589–94. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502012000800013.Suche in Google Scholar
37. Mahmoodzadeh, Y, Mazani, M, Rezagholizadeh, L. Hepatoprotective effect of methanolic Tanacetum parthenium extract on CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017;4:455–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.08.003.Suche in Google Scholar
38. Girish, C, Pradhan, SC. Hepatoprotective activities of picroliv, curcumin, and ellagic acid compared to silymarin on carbon-tetrachloride-induced liver toxicity in mice. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2012;3:149–55. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-500X.95515.Suche in Google Scholar
39. Ramaiah, SK. A toxicologist guide to the diagnostic interpretation of hepatic biochemical parameters. Food Chem Toxicol 2007;45:1551–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.06.007.Suche in Google Scholar
40. Méndez-Sánchez, N, Vitek, L, Aguilar-Olivos, NE, Uribe, M. Bilirubin as a biomarker in liver disease. In: Biomarker in liver disease. Dordrecht: Springer; 2016:1–21 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7742-2_25-1.Suche in Google Scholar
41. Lu, KH, Weng, CY, Chen, WC, Sheen, LY. Ginseng essence, a medicinal and edible herbal formulation, ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress and liver injury in rats. J Ginseng Res 2017;41:316–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2016.06.002.Suche in Google Scholar
42. Weber, LWD, Boll, M, Stampfl, A. Hepatotoxicity and mechanism of action of haloalkanes: carbon tetrachloride as a toxicological model. Crit Rev Toxicol 2003;33:105–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/713611034.Suche in Google Scholar
43. Cain, OL, Hübscher, SG. Histological assessment of the liver. Med (United Kingdom) 2019;707–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2019.08.006.Suche in Google Scholar
44. Huang, QF, Zhang, SJ, Zheng, L, He, M, Huang, RB, Lin, X. Hepatoprotective effects of total saponins isolated from Taraphochlamys affinis against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2012;50:713–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.12.009.Suche in Google Scholar
45. Tovar, ER, Muriel, P. Free radicals, antioxidants, nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 and liver damage. J Apl Toxicol 2020;40:151–68.10.1002/jat.3880Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
46. Coutinho, ID, Baker, JM, Ward, JL, Beale, MH, Creste, S, Cavalheiro, AJ. Metabolite profiling of sugarcane genotypes and identification of flavonoid glycosides and phenolic acids. J Agric Food Chem 2016;64:4198–206. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01210.Suche in Google Scholar
47. López-lázaro, M. Distribution and biological activities of the flavonoid luteolin. Mini Rev Med Chem 2009;9:31–59. https://doi.org/10.2174/138955709787001712.Suche in Google Scholar
48. Domitrović, R, Potočnjak, I. A comprehensive overview of hepatoprotective natural compounds: mechanism of action and clinical perspectives. Arch Toxicol 2015;90:39–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-015-1580-z.Suche in Google Scholar
49. Huang, CS, Lii, CK, Lin, AH, Yeh, YW, Yao, HT, Li, CC, et al.. Protection by chrysin, apigenin, and luteolin against oxidative stress is mediated by the Nrf2-dependent up-regulation of heme oxygenase 1 and glutamate cysteine ligase in rat primary hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol 2013;87:167–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-012-0913-4.Suche in Google Scholar
50. Domitrović, R, Jakovac, H, Tomac, J, Šain, I. Liver fibrosis in mice induced by carbon tetrachloride and its reversion by luteolin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009;241:311–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2009.09.001.Suche in Google Scholar
51. Ghiware, NB, Aseemuddin, N, Kawade, RM, Vadvalkar, SM. Pharmacological exploration of Saccharum officinarum leave extracts for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Int J PharmTech Res 2012;4:1785–91.Suche in Google Scholar
52. Xiao, J, Capanoglu, E, Jassbi, AR, Miron, A. Advance on the flavonoid C-glycosides and health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016;56:S29–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2015.1067595.Suche in Google Scholar
53. Choi, JS, Nurul Islam, M, Yousof Ali, M, Kim, EJ, Kim, YM, Jung, HA. Effects of C-glycosylation on anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer’s disease and anti-inflammatory potential of apigenin. Food Chem Toxicol 2014;64:27–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.11.020.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Cost of illness of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia: a systematic review
- Social media health interventions to improve diabetes mellitus patient outcome: a systematic review
- Developing pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics model of valproic acid syrup based on prediction of population pharmacokinetics parameter and seizure frequency in Indonesian pediatric epilepsy outpatients
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of extract and fractions from the root of Rauvolfia serpentina(L.) Bth.ex Kurz
- Green tea and its active compound epigallocathechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibit neuronal apoptosis in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model
- The effects of quercetin on nicotine-induced reward effects in mice
- Resveratrol ameliorates physical and psychological stress-induced depressive-like behavior
- Translation and cross-cultural adaption of an instrument measuring patient’s well-being under treatment for schizophrenia
- Quercetin promotes behavioral recovery and biomolecular changes of melanocortin-4 receptor in mice with ischemic stroke
- Knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals on prescribing errors
- Inhibition of Ras and STAT3 activity of 4-(tert-butyl)-N-carbamoylbenzamide as antiproliferative agent in HER2-expressing breast cancer cells
- Predicting the molecular mechanism of glucosamine in accelerating bone defect repair by stimulating osteogenic proteins
- Larvicidal toxicity and parasporal inclusion of native Bacillus thuringiensis BK5.2 against Aedes aegypti
- Synthesis, ADMET predictions, molecular docking studies, and in-vitro anticancer activity of some benzoxazines against A549 human lung cancer cells
- Thymoquinone and its derivatives against breast cancer with HER2 positive: in silico studies of ADMET, docking and QSPR
- Assessment of patient understanding of their conventional cardiac medicines and herbal prepared/derived products: preliminary survey and interviews with selected community-dwelling elderly patients in the Philippines
- The development and validation of the health belief model questionnaire for measuring factors affecting adherence in the elderly with hypertension
- Analysis of the side effect of QTc interval prolongation in the bedaquiline regimen in drug resistant tuberculosis patients
- Shallot skin profilling, computational evaluation of physicochemical properties, ADMET, and molecular docking of its components against P2Y12 receptor
- Analysis of HMGB-1 level before and after providing atorvastatin standard therapy in coronary artery disease patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus compared to without type-2 diabetes mellitus
- Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels among acute heart failure patients with ACE inhibitor therapy (Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital, Surabaya)
- The correlation between self-related adherence, asthma-related quality of life and control of asthma in adult patients
- Providing counseling through home pharmacy care (HPC) for hemodialysis patients with hypertension in lowering blood pressure
- Community knowledge and attitude in recognizing asthma symptoms and using medication for asthma attacks: a cross-sectional study
- A study of anticoagulant therapy in patients with coronary artery disease
- The association of FKBP5 polymorphism with asthma susceptibility in asthmatic patients
- Gastroprotective effect of fluvoxamine and ondansetron on stress-induced gastric ulcers in mice
- Osteoblast iron genes: real time PCR and microarray hybridization approach under hyperoxia
- Attenuation of hyperplasia in lung parenchymal and colonic epithelial cells in DMBA-induced cancer by administering Andrographis paniculata Nees extract using animal model
- N-nitrosodiethylamine induces inflammation of liver in mice
- AST/ALT levels, MDA, and liver histopathology of Echinometra mathaei ethanol extract on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
- Development, characterization, molecular docking, and in vivo skin penetration of coenzyme Q10 nanostructured lipid carriers using tristearin and stearyl alcohol for dermal delivery
- The effect of Camellia sinensis (green tea) with its active compound EGCG on neuronal cell necroptosis in Rattus norvegicus middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model
- Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) leaves
- Correlation between the exposure time to mobile devices and the prevalence of evaporative dry eyes as one of the symptoms of computer vision syndrome among Senior High School students in East Java, Indonesia
- The effect of various high-fat diet on liver histology in the development of NAFLD models in mice
- Fabrication and characterization of bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-alendronate scaffold cross-linked by glutaraldehyde for bone regeneration
- Health related quality of life among postmenopausal woman with hormone responsive HER2− breast cancer in Indonesia
- Gender differences in the blood glucose type 2 diabetes patients with combination rapid and long acting insulin therapy
- Correlation of dietary iron intake and serum iron with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels in adult hyperthyroid patients
- The effect of pillbox use and education by pharmacist toward medication adherence in diabetes mellitus patients in a Primary Health Care Center in Mataram
- Variation concentration effect of propyleneglycol, glycerin, and polyethyleneglycol 400 to physical properties and dissolution rate of loratadine liquisolid tablet
- Role of Centella asiatica and ceramide in skin barrier improvement: a double blind clinical trial of Indonesian batik workers
- Secondary metabolite and antipyretic effects of Maja (Crescentia cujete L.) in fever-induced mice
- Hydration effect on kidney function and serum electrolyte in children with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and risk of TLS
- Drug utilization study and cost analysis of adult β-thalassemia major patient therapy at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
- The role of hyperbaric oxygen to platelet aggregation in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
- Cocrystal formation of loratadine-succinic acid and its improved solubility
- The role of chondroitin sulfate to bone healing indicators and compressive strength
- The effects of quercetin on the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA in high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in mice
- Analysis of stress ulcer prophylaxis drug regimentation in surgical patients
- The stability and irritability study of the chitosan–Aloe vera spray gel as wound healing
- Effectiveness of citicoline in pediatric patients with refractive amblyopia in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
- The thermodynamic study of p-methoxycinnamic acid inclusion complex formation, using β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
- The effect of chitosan type and drug-chitosan ratio on physical characteristics and release profile of ketoprofen microparticles prepared by spray drying
- The maximum dose and duration in the therapy single use methotrexate to achieve remission by rheumatoid arthritis patients through disease activity score 28 (DAS28)
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 among university students in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study
- The impact of glutaraldehyde on the characteristics of bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin based bone scaffold as gentamicin delivery system
- Analysis of the use of antibiotics profile and factors of surgical site infections study on digestive and oncology surgeries
- Second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) as genetic marker for molecular characterization of Sarcoptes scabiei in rabbits from several areas of East Java, Indonesia
- Design of gossypetin derivatives based on naturally occurring flavonoid in Hibiscus sabdariffa and the molecular docking as antibacterial agents
- Discovery of new targeting agents against GAPDH receptor for antituberculosis drug delivery
- The effect of red passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims.) fermentation time on its activity against Extended Strain Methicillin-Resistant (ESBL) Escherichia coli and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- Antibiotic use on acute respiratory tract infection nonpneumonia and nonspecific diarrhea in Primary Health Care Centre in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
- Screening of anti-HIV activities in ethanol extract and fractions from Ficus fistulosa leaves
- The characteristics of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented food as potential probiotics
- Profile of gyrA gene mutation in clinical isolate of levofloxacin resistant Escherichia coli
- Antimicrobial activity of Centella asiatica and Gigantochloa apus
- Drug-related problems of antibiotic use in gastroenteritis related to patient therapy outcomes at Universitas Gadjah Mada Hospital
- The impact of suitability of empirical antibiotics use on therapeutic outcome of respiratory tract infection patients at inpatient wards of Universitas Gadjah Mada Academic Hospital
- Genetic profile mutation rpoB in clinical isolate of rifampicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- Hematological side effect analysis of linezolid in MDR-TB patients with individual therapy
- Adverse drug reaction and its management in tuberculosis patients with multidrug resistance: a retrospective study
- Analysis of prophylactic antibiotic use and risk factor of postoperative infection in urological surgery patients
- Molecular docking studies of Nigella sativa L and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb secondary metabolites against histamine N-methyltransferase with their ADMET prediction
- Prediction of compounds with antiosteoporosis activity in Chrysophyllum cainito L. leaves through in silico approach
- Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, the isolated compounds of Phyllanthus niruri inhibit protein receptor of corona virus (COVID-19) through in silico approach
- Cratoxylum sumatranum stem bark exhibited antimalarial activity by Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) assay
- Endophytic fungi inhabiting Physalis angulata L. plant: diversity, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of their ethyl acetate extracts
- Exploration of several plants from Baung Forest on bone formation cell models
- In vitro antimalarial activity of Garcinia parvifolia Miq. Stem extracts and fractions on Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay
- Antioxidant and antiviral potency of Begonia medicinalis fractions
- Artocarpus sericicarpus stem bark contains antimalarial substances against Plasmodium falciparum
- Formulation and characterization of Eleutherine palmifolia extract-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)
- Analytical method for the determination of curcumin entrapped in polymeric micellar powder using HPLC
- Challenges in the provision of natural medicines by community pharmacists in East Java Province, Indonesia
- In vitro and in silico analysis of phytochemical compounds of 96% ethanol extract of semanggi (Marsilea crenata Presl.) leaves as a bone formation agent
- Inhibitory activity of Urena lobata leaf extract on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase: in vitro and in silico approach
- Case Report
- Effect of hydrocortisone on hypocorticolism caused by pituitary adenoma
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Cost of illness of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia: a systematic review
- Social media health interventions to improve diabetes mellitus patient outcome: a systematic review
- Developing pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics model of valproic acid syrup based on prediction of population pharmacokinetics parameter and seizure frequency in Indonesian pediatric epilepsy outpatients
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of extract and fractions from the root of Rauvolfia serpentina(L.) Bth.ex Kurz
- Green tea and its active compound epigallocathechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibit neuronal apoptosis in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model
- The effects of quercetin on nicotine-induced reward effects in mice
- Resveratrol ameliorates physical and psychological stress-induced depressive-like behavior
- Translation and cross-cultural adaption of an instrument measuring patient’s well-being under treatment for schizophrenia
- Quercetin promotes behavioral recovery and biomolecular changes of melanocortin-4 receptor in mice with ischemic stroke
- Knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals on prescribing errors
- Inhibition of Ras and STAT3 activity of 4-(tert-butyl)-N-carbamoylbenzamide as antiproliferative agent in HER2-expressing breast cancer cells
- Predicting the molecular mechanism of glucosamine in accelerating bone defect repair by stimulating osteogenic proteins
- Larvicidal toxicity and parasporal inclusion of native Bacillus thuringiensis BK5.2 against Aedes aegypti
- Synthesis, ADMET predictions, molecular docking studies, and in-vitro anticancer activity of some benzoxazines against A549 human lung cancer cells
- Thymoquinone and its derivatives against breast cancer with HER2 positive: in silico studies of ADMET, docking and QSPR
- Assessment of patient understanding of their conventional cardiac medicines and herbal prepared/derived products: preliminary survey and interviews with selected community-dwelling elderly patients in the Philippines
- The development and validation of the health belief model questionnaire for measuring factors affecting adherence in the elderly with hypertension
- Analysis of the side effect of QTc interval prolongation in the bedaquiline regimen in drug resistant tuberculosis patients
- Shallot skin profilling, computational evaluation of physicochemical properties, ADMET, and molecular docking of its components against P2Y12 receptor
- Analysis of HMGB-1 level before and after providing atorvastatin standard therapy in coronary artery disease patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus compared to without type-2 diabetes mellitus
- Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels among acute heart failure patients with ACE inhibitor therapy (Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital, Surabaya)
- The correlation between self-related adherence, asthma-related quality of life and control of asthma in adult patients
- Providing counseling through home pharmacy care (HPC) for hemodialysis patients with hypertension in lowering blood pressure
- Community knowledge and attitude in recognizing asthma symptoms and using medication for asthma attacks: a cross-sectional study
- A study of anticoagulant therapy in patients with coronary artery disease
- The association of FKBP5 polymorphism with asthma susceptibility in asthmatic patients
- Gastroprotective effect of fluvoxamine and ondansetron on stress-induced gastric ulcers in mice
- Osteoblast iron genes: real time PCR and microarray hybridization approach under hyperoxia
- Attenuation of hyperplasia in lung parenchymal and colonic epithelial cells in DMBA-induced cancer by administering Andrographis paniculata Nees extract using animal model
- N-nitrosodiethylamine induces inflammation of liver in mice
- AST/ALT levels, MDA, and liver histopathology of Echinometra mathaei ethanol extract on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
- Development, characterization, molecular docking, and in vivo skin penetration of coenzyme Q10 nanostructured lipid carriers using tristearin and stearyl alcohol for dermal delivery
- The effect of Camellia sinensis (green tea) with its active compound EGCG on neuronal cell necroptosis in Rattus norvegicus middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model
- Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) leaves
- Correlation between the exposure time to mobile devices and the prevalence of evaporative dry eyes as one of the symptoms of computer vision syndrome among Senior High School students in East Java, Indonesia
- The effect of various high-fat diet on liver histology in the development of NAFLD models in mice
- Fabrication and characterization of bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-alendronate scaffold cross-linked by glutaraldehyde for bone regeneration
- Health related quality of life among postmenopausal woman with hormone responsive HER2− breast cancer in Indonesia
- Gender differences in the blood glucose type 2 diabetes patients with combination rapid and long acting insulin therapy
- Correlation of dietary iron intake and serum iron with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels in adult hyperthyroid patients
- The effect of pillbox use and education by pharmacist toward medication adherence in diabetes mellitus patients in a Primary Health Care Center in Mataram
- Variation concentration effect of propyleneglycol, glycerin, and polyethyleneglycol 400 to physical properties and dissolution rate of loratadine liquisolid tablet
- Role of Centella asiatica and ceramide in skin barrier improvement: a double blind clinical trial of Indonesian batik workers
- Secondary metabolite and antipyretic effects of Maja (Crescentia cujete L.) in fever-induced mice
- Hydration effect on kidney function and serum electrolyte in children with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and risk of TLS
- Drug utilization study and cost analysis of adult β-thalassemia major patient therapy at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
- The role of hyperbaric oxygen to platelet aggregation in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
- Cocrystal formation of loratadine-succinic acid and its improved solubility
- The role of chondroitin sulfate to bone healing indicators and compressive strength
- The effects of quercetin on the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA in high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in mice
- Analysis of stress ulcer prophylaxis drug regimentation in surgical patients
- The stability and irritability study of the chitosan–Aloe vera spray gel as wound healing
- Effectiveness of citicoline in pediatric patients with refractive amblyopia in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
- The thermodynamic study of p-methoxycinnamic acid inclusion complex formation, using β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
- The effect of chitosan type and drug-chitosan ratio on physical characteristics and release profile of ketoprofen microparticles prepared by spray drying
- The maximum dose and duration in the therapy single use methotrexate to achieve remission by rheumatoid arthritis patients through disease activity score 28 (DAS28)
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 among university students in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study
- The impact of glutaraldehyde on the characteristics of bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin based bone scaffold as gentamicin delivery system
- Analysis of the use of antibiotics profile and factors of surgical site infections study on digestive and oncology surgeries
- Second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) as genetic marker for molecular characterization of Sarcoptes scabiei in rabbits from several areas of East Java, Indonesia
- Design of gossypetin derivatives based on naturally occurring flavonoid in Hibiscus sabdariffa and the molecular docking as antibacterial agents
- Discovery of new targeting agents against GAPDH receptor for antituberculosis drug delivery
- The effect of red passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims.) fermentation time on its activity against Extended Strain Methicillin-Resistant (ESBL) Escherichia coli and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- Antibiotic use on acute respiratory tract infection nonpneumonia and nonspecific diarrhea in Primary Health Care Centre in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
- Screening of anti-HIV activities in ethanol extract and fractions from Ficus fistulosa leaves
- The characteristics of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented food as potential probiotics
- Profile of gyrA gene mutation in clinical isolate of levofloxacin resistant Escherichia coli
- Antimicrobial activity of Centella asiatica and Gigantochloa apus
- Drug-related problems of antibiotic use in gastroenteritis related to patient therapy outcomes at Universitas Gadjah Mada Hospital
- The impact of suitability of empirical antibiotics use on therapeutic outcome of respiratory tract infection patients at inpatient wards of Universitas Gadjah Mada Academic Hospital
- Genetic profile mutation rpoB in clinical isolate of rifampicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- Hematological side effect analysis of linezolid in MDR-TB patients with individual therapy
- Adverse drug reaction and its management in tuberculosis patients with multidrug resistance: a retrospective study
- Analysis of prophylactic antibiotic use and risk factor of postoperative infection in urological surgery patients
- Molecular docking studies of Nigella sativa L and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb secondary metabolites against histamine N-methyltransferase with their ADMET prediction
- Prediction of compounds with antiosteoporosis activity in Chrysophyllum cainito L. leaves through in silico approach
- Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, the isolated compounds of Phyllanthus niruri inhibit protein receptor of corona virus (COVID-19) through in silico approach
- Cratoxylum sumatranum stem bark exhibited antimalarial activity by Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) assay
- Endophytic fungi inhabiting Physalis angulata L. plant: diversity, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of their ethyl acetate extracts
- Exploration of several plants from Baung Forest on bone formation cell models
- In vitro antimalarial activity of Garcinia parvifolia Miq. Stem extracts and fractions on Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay
- Antioxidant and antiviral potency of Begonia medicinalis fractions
- Artocarpus sericicarpus stem bark contains antimalarial substances against Plasmodium falciparum
- Formulation and characterization of Eleutherine palmifolia extract-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)
- Analytical method for the determination of curcumin entrapped in polymeric micellar powder using HPLC
- Challenges in the provision of natural medicines by community pharmacists in East Java Province, Indonesia
- In vitro and in silico analysis of phytochemical compounds of 96% ethanol extract of semanggi (Marsilea crenata Presl.) leaves as a bone formation agent
- Inhibitory activity of Urena lobata leaf extract on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase: in vitro and in silico approach
- Case Report
- Effect of hydrocortisone on hypocorticolism caused by pituitary adenoma
