Abstract
Background
With its low side effects profile and availability as an over-the-counter drug, paracetamol has been utilized extensively worldwide as an antipyretic and analgesic agent for decades. This is associated with the increasing concern over its ease of access and/or unawareness of the consumers to this issue of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Paracetamol-induced liver injury today is a big problem where most of the researchers are interested in the possible role of the naturally available antioxidants to ameliorate hepatotoxicity through kinetic interference. So the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of vitamin C and omega-3 on the pharmacokinetic property of paracetamol.
Methods
Six young (average age 29) healthy volunteers participated in the study. The study included three consecutive periods, each of which preceded by overnight fasting and separated by 6 day washout periods. The first period involved the ingestion of a single paracetamol dose. The second one included the ingestion of paracetamol and vitamin C concomitantly, and the final period included paracetamol plus omega-3. Saliva samples were collected and prepared for High-performance liquid chromatography analysis.
Results
There was a significant increase in saliva paracetamol level after 30 min of administration when given concomitantly with vitamin C compared with the remaining groups. No significant differences in the paracetamol concentration profile between the subjects for each group were observed at 60, 90, 120 and 150 min in all treated groups.
Conclusion
Concurrent administration of vitamin C with paracetamol increases significantly the Cmax level (maximum measured concentration) in saliva and increases the extent of absorption and the possibility of drug-drug interaction and risk of side effects.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved its submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: The purpose of the study was clearly defined to all individuals included in this study and signed informed consent was obtained.
Ethical approval: The present study has been done after obtaining informed consent and achievement College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah ethical agreement in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration (as revised in 2013): (7-39-2001 in 24/9/2017).
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Review
- Cardioprotective mechanism of FTY720 in ischemia reperfusion injury
- Original Articles
- Effect of Gmelina arborea on learning and memory in amnesia-induced and non-amnesia groups of albino Wistar rats
- The acute effects of decaffeinated versus caffeinated coffee on reaction time, mood and skeletal muscle strength
- Prevention of short-term memory impairment by Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken and its effect on acetylcholinesterase changes in CCl4-induced neurotoxicity in rats
- Modulatory effects of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf extract against oxidative stress and hepatic TNF-α gene expression in acute diazinon-induced liver injury in rats
- Evaluation of biomarkers of stress in chronic stress-exposed comorbid depression model Wistar rats
- Drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives do not affect glucose regulation and circulating corticosterone
- Vitamin C, omega-3 and paracetamol pharmacokinetic interactions using saliva specimens as determiners
- Comparison of ocular pharmacokinetics of etoposide and its nanoemulsion after subtenon administration in rabbits
- Exploring the therapeutic potential of sodium benzoate in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats
- Short Communication
- HPLC phenolic fingerprinting, antioxidant and anti-phosphodiesterase-5 properties of Rauwolfia vomitoria extract
- Miscellaneous
- Clopidogrel-induced hemarthrosis following knee replacement