Universals and transfer in the acquisition of the progressive aspect: Evidence from L1 Chinese, German, and Spanish learners’ use of the progressive -ing in spoken English
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of learners’ first language (L1), lexical aspect of verbs, and proficiency levels on their use of the English progressive aspect. It analyzed spoken data from learners of three different L1s (Chinese, German, and Spanish) in an international learner corpus (LINSEI), in comparison with native speech in a comparable native speaker corpus (LOCNEC). The analysis reveals that regardless of learners’ L1 and proficiency levels, their use of progressive markings is predominantly associated with activity verbs (prototypes), supporting the association prediction of the Aspect Hypothesis (Andersen, Roger W. & Yasuhiro Shirai. 1994. Discourse motivations for some cognitive acquisition principles. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 16(2). 133–156). Contrary to the fourth prediction of the Aspect Hypothesis, both intermediate and advanced learners use stative progressives, and especially intermediate L1 Spanish learners overuse stative progressives, indicating a complex interaction between L1 and proficiency on non-prototypical form-meaning associations. The results suggest that L1 effect, lexical aspect of verbs, and proficiency levels jointly drive tense-aspect acquisition.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the anonymous reviewer and Kevin Gregg for their helpful comments on an early version of the paper. We also thank Case Western Reserve University for hosting the first author to spend a year as a visiting scholar in the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures, which made it possible for the authors to work on the research reported in this paper. This research was financially supported by the Hunan Social Science Fund (17WLH09).
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Interactions between type of form-focused instruction, type of morphosyntactic form, and type of language knowledge
- The TRAP-BATH split in RP: A linguistic index for English learners
- L1 transfer, proficiency, and the recognition of L2 verb-noun collocations: A perspective from three languages
- Complexity, accuracy, and fluency in the argumentative writing of ESL and EFL learners
- Effects of dynamic and non-dynamic corrective feedback on EFL writing accuracy during dyadic and small group interactions
- Universals and transfer in the acquisition of the progressive aspect: Evidence from L1 Chinese, German, and Spanish learners’ use of the progressive -ing in spoken English
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Interactions between type of form-focused instruction, type of morphosyntactic form, and type of language knowledge
- The TRAP-BATH split in RP: A linguistic index for English learners
- L1 transfer, proficiency, and the recognition of L2 verb-noun collocations: A perspective from three languages
- Complexity, accuracy, and fluency in the argumentative writing of ESL and EFL learners
- Effects of dynamic and non-dynamic corrective feedback on EFL writing accuracy during dyadic and small group interactions
- Universals and transfer in the acquisition of the progressive aspect: Evidence from L1 Chinese, German, and Spanish learners’ use of the progressive -ing in spoken English