Abstract
The linguistic practices and creativity of youths reflect an amazing way of dealing with the dynamics of urban and global African city life. Communities of practice (CoP) emerge, in which global trends, local concepts and cutting-edge styles, identities of resistance and contested spaces all play a role and impact on the linguistic practices of youths. The implementation of linguistic manipulative patterns that are often acquired from other youth languages, as well as strategies such as translanguaging, borrowing, language crossing and bricolage, brought about through local, global and pan-African contact and trends, including music cultures such as Hip Hop and Reggae, have molded youth identities and urban practices. The focus of this article is on youth languages found in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) and Kinshasa/Goma (DR Congo), where the multilayered range of social and linguistic impacts of globalization has led to new linguistic practices and identities. Both speakers’ fluid patterns of contact and manipulation across digital (Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter) and real spaces, and their manipulative strategies in the formation of new “repertoires”, are analyzed in the article. Youth languages, especially in the African context, have usually been described as modern, urban and fluid. We argue that these characteristics also hold for other linguistic practices and non-urban contexts, and that youth languages differ in terms of the speed and manner in which these processes and modifications occur or are deliberately employed.
Acknowledgements
The present article is based on a talk held at the international conference The Sociolinguistics of Globalization: (De)centring and (de)standardization at the University of Hong Kong, 3–6 June 2015. We are greatly indebted to Anne Storch and Angelika Mietzner for their enriching comments and ideas on earlier drafts of this article. Warm thanks go to all language assistants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Kinshasa, DR Congo. We also thank Mary Chambers for proofreading the manuscript, and Global South Studies Center (University of Cologne) for their support.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Beware of the weeds
- Standardization and the myth of neutrality in language history
- Bildts as a mixed language
- Language maintenance and shift under pressure: Three generations of the Turkish immigrant community in the Netherlands
- Ethnic minority linguistic ambivalence and the problem of methodological assessment of language shift among the Ogu in Ogun State, Nigeria
- Modeling social factors in language shift
- Global repertoires and urban fluidity: youth languages in Africa
- Linguistic landscaping in Tabriz, Iran: a discursive transformation of a bilingual space into a monolingual place
- The idea of a Kosovan language in Yugoslavia’s language politics
- Multilingualism and social cohesion: insights from South African students (1998, 2010, 2015)
- Reviewers for the International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2016