Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the distribution of semantic meanings and values of modal verbs in Chinese civil-commercial legislation and its English versions. This is a corpus-based study with two corpora (one is Chinese corpora including 33 Chinese civil-commercial legislative instruments totaling about 343,677 tokens and the other English corpora including 33 corresponding English versions totaling about 254,621 tokens) compiled according to the taxonomic law branches in the People’s Republic of China. The corpus tools, word2vector, AntConc 3.5.7 and SPSS 19.0, were employed for data filtering and analysis. Results of the study show that deontic modal verbs indicating obligation, permission and prohibition are the most frequently used type of modal verbs and the values of Chinese modal verbs and English modal verbs are significantly different. Moreover, the frequency of modal verbs in both corpora reflects the divergence of context culture between Chinese and English. Additionally, the choice of modal verbs in two corpora demonstrates the negotiability, compromise and humanity of Chinese civil-commercial legislation, which conforms to its interpersonal function. Furthermore, throughout analyzing the examples extracted from two corpora, this study attempts to provide some insights to the modal translation, during which the consistency and equivalence in terms of semantic meanings and modal values are of critical importance in legislative translation.
Appendix
Constitution of the corpora.
No. | Laws |
---|---|
1 | Tort Liability Law of the People’s Republic of China |
2 | Insurance Law of the People’s Republic of China |
3 | Property Law of the People’s Republic of China |
4 | Law of of the People’s Republic of China on Specialized Farmers Cooperatives |
5 | Law of of the People’s Republic of China on Partnership |
6 | Enterprise Bankruptcy Law of on Partnership the People’s Republic of China |
7 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Securities |
8 | Companies Law of the People’s Republic of China |
9 | Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China |
10 | Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China |
11 | Patent Law of the People’s Republic of China |
12 | Law of Succession of the People’s Republic of China |
13 | General Principles of the Civil Law of the the People’s Republic of China |
14 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Individual Proprietorship Enterprises |
15 | Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China |
16 | Adoption Law of the People’s Republic of China |
17 | Maritime Code of the the People’s Republic of China |
18 | Guaranty Law of the People’s Republic of China |
19 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Negotiable Instruments |
20 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Application of Laws to Foreign-Related Civil Relations |
21 | Auction Law of the People’s Republic of China |
22 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People |
23 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Bid Invitation and Bidding |
24 | Trust Law |
25 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Land Contract in Rural Areas |
26 | Electronic Signature Law of the People’s Republic of China |
27 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Contractual Joint Ventures |
28 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures |
29 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Foreign-Capital Enterprises |
30 | Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China |
31 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Commercial Banks |
32 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on Funds for Investment in Securities |
33 | Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests |
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Strategies for the reinterpretation of normative texts within the Hebrew Bible
- The reform of criminal procedure of corruption cases in China
- Investigative interviewing: Assessing questioning strategies employed to children in conflict with the law
- A corpus-based investigation of modal verbs in Chinese civil-commercial legislation and its English versions
- The stories we tell victims: Victim participation and outreach programs at the extraordinary chambers in the courts of Cambodia
- The translation of EU trademarks – a special type of Intellectual Property translation
- The legal discourse in respect of the status of deserted Jewish wives-Agunot in light of Halachic-Jewish Law Responsa of Rabbi Yaakov Moshe Toledano