Abstract
Secondary system is an important link that affects the reliable operation of power system. However, the current improvement measures for accurate data acquisition and reliable operation in secondary systems are mainly concentrated at the equipment level. The solution at the equipment level not only increases the complexity of the system, but also can only optimize a single link or problem, which is difficult to improve the overall system level. In order to enhance the information accuracy, operation and maintenance precision and operation reliability of smart substation secondary system, this paper proposes bad data identification and fault diagnosis methods based on secondary system information redundancy. Firstly, according to the analysis of secondary information redundancy, this paper constructs the data information redundancy model of the smart substation secondary system. Then the data information state estimation method based on the least square method and the bad data identification method based on the information redundancy are proposed. Finally, case analysis is carried out to verify that the proposed method can effectively increase the information accuracy of smart substation, which also provides new research route and foundations for secondary system fault diagnosis.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: This work was supported by China Southern Power Grid Corporation Key Science and Technology Project: Research and Application of Key Technologies for Information Governance of the Smart Substations Secondary System (GZKJXM20191312).
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
-
Data availability: The data has been presented in the paper.
References
1. Huang, Q, Jing, S, Li, J, Cai, D, Wu, J, Zhen, W. Smart substation: state of the art and future development. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 2016;32:1098–105.10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2598572Search in Google Scholar
2. Martín, P, Moreno, G, Rodríguez, FJ, Jiménez, JA, Fernández, I. A hybrid approach to short-term load forecasting aimed at bad data detection in secondary substation monitoring equipment. Sensors 2018;18:3947.10.3390/s18113947Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
3. Li, HW, Wang, LX. Research on technologies in smart aubstation. Energy Proc 2011;12:113–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.10.016.Search in Google Scholar
4. Zhang, F, Gao, Z, Zhao, Y, Zhao, Y. Status evaluation of secondary system in intelligent substation. In: IEEE 2nd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC). Chengdu, China, 15–17 December, paper no. 17576672; 2017:692–7 pp.10.1109/ITNEC.2017.8284821Search in Google Scholar
5. Li, S, Gao, Z, Zhu, Y, Wang, T, Rui, M. Research on designing methods of the secondary system in digital substation. In: IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC), Xi’an, China, 25–28 October, paper no. 16540896; 2016:289–93 pp.10.1109/APPEEC.2016.7779514Search in Google Scholar
6. Slomovitz, D, Santos, A, Sandler, R, Barreto, G. High-precision self-calibrating current transformer with stray capacitances control. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 2021;70:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3045840.Search in Google Scholar
7. Huan, Z, Ye, F, Chen, JB, Mao, AL, Wang, JJ, Yu, CL, et al.. Research on calibration system for electronic transformer in alpine region. In: IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application (ICHVE). Athens, Greece, 10–13 September, paper no. 18455717; 2018:1–4 pp.10.1109/ICHVE.2018.8642004Search in Google Scholar
8. Xi, Y, Zou, JX, Cai, ZX, Su, Z. Information security protection method for smart substation communication network based on message identification and flow control. Power Syst Technol 2017;41:624–9.Search in Google Scholar
9. Fan, X, Zhang, Z, Yin, X. Reliability evaluation of protection system in smart substation based on process layer network. In: 50th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Stoke on Trent, UK, 1–4 September, paper no. 15649948; 2015:1–5 pp.10.1109/UPEC.2015.7339916Search in Google Scholar
10. Song, S, Liu, J, Cao, H, Huang, X, Zhou, JH. IEC 61850-based smart substations, 6th ed. New York: Academic Press; 2019:185–222 pp.10.1016/B978-0-12-815158-7.00006-8Search in Google Scholar
11. Zhen, N, Chen, X, Wang, Y, Zhang, G, Ding, HX. Research on high precision time synchronization scheme of power system based on network. In: Proceedings of 2nd international conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling and Statistics Application (AMMSA). Sanya, China, 27 May; 2018:346–52 pp.10.2991/ammsa-18.2018.71Search in Google Scholar
12. Liu, S, Zhu, X, Zhao, G, Zhang, Y, Wu, J. Abnormal time synchronization detection of substation IED based on frequency deviation. In: IEEE 3rd International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC). Beijing, China, 7–9 September, paper no. 19572989; 2019:1416–21 pp.10.1109/CIEEC47146.2019.CIEEC-2019515Search in Google Scholar
13. Zhang, Z, Xiang, NW, Ding, LJ. A high-precision synchronous signal acquisition device. Rev Sci Instrum 2020;91:044702. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5136266.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
14. Liu, Y, Yi, Y, Tao, Y, Jiang, S, Feng, L, Du, J. Synchronous Optimization Scheme of Smart Substation Process Level Network. Autom Electr Power Syst 2015;39:112–6.Search in Google Scholar
15. Korres, GN. A portioned state estimator for external network modeling. IEEE Trans Power Syst 2002;17:834–42. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2002.800945.Search in Google Scholar
16. Li, Q, Sun, H, Wang, J, Zhang, B, Wu, W, Guo, Q. Substation-dispatch center two-level distributed state estimation. Electr Power Syst 2012;36:44–50+91.Search in Google Scholar
17. Deng, W, Li, Z, Li, X, Chen, H, Zhao, H. Compound fault diagnosis using optimized MCKD and sparse representation for rolling bearings. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 2022;71:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3159005.Search in Google Scholar
18. Cui, H, Guan, Y, Chen, H. Rolling element fault diagnosis based on VMD and sensitivity MCKD. IEEE Access 2021;9:120297–308. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3108972.Search in Google Scholar
19. Deng, W, Zhang, X, Zhou, Y, Liu, Y, Zhou, X, Chen, H, et al.. An enhanced fast non-dominated solution sorting genetic algorithm for multi-objective problems. Inf Sci 2022;585:441–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2021.11.052.Search in Google Scholar
20. Li, G, Li, Y, Chen, H, Deng, W. Fractional-order controller for course-keeping of underactuated surface vessels based on frequency domain specification and improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. Appl Sci 2022;12:3139. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12063139.Search in Google Scholar
21. Zhang, X, Wang, H, Du, C, Fan, X, Cui, L, Chen, H, et al.. Custom-molded offloading footwear effectively prevents recurrence and amputation, and lowers mortality rates in high-risk diabetic foot patients: a multicenter, Prospective Observational Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022;15:103–9. https://doi.org/10.2147/dmso.s341364.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
22. Yang, Z, Liu, H, Bi, T, Yang, Q. Bad data detection algorithm for PMU based on spectral clustering. J Mod Power Syst Clean 2020;8:473–83. https://doi.org/10.35833/mpce.2019.000457.Search in Google Scholar
23. Gu, Y, Yu, Z, Diao, R, Shi, D. Doubly-fed deep learning method for bad data identification in linear state estimation. J Mod Power Syst Clean 2020;8:1140–50. https://doi.org/10.35833/mpce.2020.000533.Search in Google Scholar
24. Dobakhshari, AS, Terzija, V, Azizi, S. Normalized deleted residual test for identifying interacting bad data in power system state estimation. IEEE Trans Power Syst 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2022.3144316.Search in Google Scholar
25. Ren, B, Zheng, Y, Wang, Y, Sheng, S, Li, J, Zhang, H, et al.. Research status and prospect of deep learning in secondary state monitoring of smart substation. In: Asia Energy and Electrical Engineering Symposium (AEEES). Chengdu, China, 29–31 May, paper no. 19572989; 2020:669–77 pp.10.1109/AEEES48850.2020.9121346Search in Google Scholar
26. Hunt, R, Flynn, B, Smith, T. The Substation of the future: moving toward a digital solution. IEEE Power Energy Mag 2019;17:47–55. https://doi.org/10.1109/mpe.2019.2908122.Search in Google Scholar
27. Zhao, JB, Gómez-Expósito, A, Netto, M, Mili, L, Abur, A, Terzija, V, et al.. Power system dynamic state estimation: motivations, definitions, methodologies, and future work. IEEE Trans Power Syst 2019;34:3188–98. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2019.2894769.Search in Google Scholar
28. He, J, Yang, Y, Hu, CC. Secondary system state estimation based on information redundancy in substation. In: 2018 International conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON), 2018:4300–4 pp.10.1109/POWERCON.2018.8602021Search in Google Scholar
29. Zhao, JB, Zhang, GX, Scala, ML, Wang, ZY. Enhanced robustness of state estimator to bad data processing through multi-innovation analysis. IEEE Trans Ind Inf 2017;13:1610–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2016.2626782.Search in Google Scholar
30. Yao, YH, Zhang, X, Qi, WQ, Zhang, Y. Island partition of the distribution system based on Dijkstra algorithm. Power Syst Prot Contr 2017;45:36–43.Search in Google Scholar
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Accounting for current limitation and input saturation in adaptive nonlinear control of fuel cell power system
- Day-ahead and real-time congestion scheduling method for distribution network with multiple access to electric vehicle charging piles
- A real-time hybrid battery state of charge and state of health estimation technique in renewable energy integrated microgrid applications
- Adaptive Single Carrier Modulation scheme based MLI supported TDVC for Voltage Quality enhancement
- Efficiency analysis of dual motor powertrain with planetary gear set
- Information model of low-voltage distribution IoT monitoring terminal based on IEC 61850
- Most Valuable Player based selective harmonic elimination in a cascaded H-bridge inverter for wide operating range
- A new reduced switch double boost five-level inverter with Self-Balancing of Capacitor Voltage
- Voltage control of standalone photovoltaic – electrolyzer- fuel cell-battery energy system
- Bad data identification and fault diagnosis of smart substation based on secondary system information redundancy
- Fault detection method of digital three-dimensional substation based on singular value decomposition
- Blockchain data privacy protection modeling based on CP-ABE algorithm
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Accounting for current limitation and input saturation in adaptive nonlinear control of fuel cell power system
- Day-ahead and real-time congestion scheduling method for distribution network with multiple access to electric vehicle charging piles
- A real-time hybrid battery state of charge and state of health estimation technique in renewable energy integrated microgrid applications
- Adaptive Single Carrier Modulation scheme based MLI supported TDVC for Voltage Quality enhancement
- Efficiency analysis of dual motor powertrain with planetary gear set
- Information model of low-voltage distribution IoT monitoring terminal based on IEC 61850
- Most Valuable Player based selective harmonic elimination in a cascaded H-bridge inverter for wide operating range
- A new reduced switch double boost five-level inverter with Self-Balancing of Capacitor Voltage
- Voltage control of standalone photovoltaic – electrolyzer- fuel cell-battery energy system
- Bad data identification and fault diagnosis of smart substation based on secondary system information redundancy
- Fault detection method of digital three-dimensional substation based on singular value decomposition
- Blockchain data privacy protection modeling based on CP-ABE algorithm