Optimization of multiple parameters of coking wastewater (CWW): catalytic thermolysis (CT) at high pressure reactor (HPR)
-
Vibha Verma
,
Parmesh Kumar Chaudhari
Abstract
Present study deals with the treatment of coking waste water (CWW) for the reduction of pollutants COD, phenol and cyanide using catalytic thermolysis (CT). For screening of catalyst and optimization of pH the CT was performed at 100 °C, pH = 3–11 using catalyst mass loading Cw = 3 g/L. In this study Cu (NO3)2 gave best performance. Further, CT was carried out using Cu (NO3)2 catalyst in high pressure reactor (HPR). The investigated parameters range were initial pH (pHi) = 3–11, Cw = 1–5 g/L, temperature (T) = 100–160 °C and treatment time (tR) = 6 h. The maximum percentage reduction for COD, phenol and cyanide were 83.33, 80.57 and 97.61%, respectively at pH = 9, Cw = 4 g/L, T = 140 °C and tR = 6 h. The CT did not give complete reduction of pollutant; therefore it was further treated using adsorption process as second stage treatment. The initial value of COD = 610 mg/L, phenol = 70.58 mg/L and cyanide = 0.45 mg/L were further reduced to 98.85, 100.00 and 55.55%, respectively, when adsorption process was performed at pH = 9, adsorbents dose Aw = 4 g/L, tR = 2 h. The response surface methodology (RSM) was performed through central composite design (CCD) for the designing of experiments and optimization of both the process. The kinetics studies of CT at HPR showed first order with respect to COD and phenol, and 0.24–0.608 order with respect to CW.
Highlights
Thermolysis and adsorption process were applied for the treatment of coking wastewater (CWW).
The parameters like, pH, catalyst amount, time and temperature were studied for removal of pollutants by thermolysis process.
In adsorption process, the effect of pH, adsorbent dosage and treatment time were studied for removal of pollutants.
The two stage treated effluent have COD = 8 mg/L, phenol = 0.00 mg/L and cyanide = 0.2 mg/L.
The treated effluent can be used in same industry for various purposes thus gives zero discharge.
Acknowledgement
Present work was carried out under the support of Bhilai steel plant, (C. G.) for providing the coke oven effluent. The research was supported by NIT, Raipur for providing required facilities.
Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
- Nomenclature
- COD
Chemical oxygen demand, (kg/m3)
- CA
Concentration of organic matter expressed as COD, phenol (kg/m3)
- C0
Initial concentration of organic matter in the effluent expressed as COD, phenol (kg/m3)
- Cw
Catalyst mass loading, (kg/m3)
- E
Apparent activation energy, (kJ/mol)
- k
Specific first-order reaction rate constant, (min−1)
- k1
First-order reaction rate constant for fast thermolysis step, (min−1)
- k2
First-order reaction rate constant for slow thermolysis step, (min−1)
- kc
Specific nth order reaction rate constant, (mol1−n m3n min−1)
- m
Order with respect to catalyst mass loading
- n
Order with respect to organic matter concentration, COD and phenol
- P
Self (autogenous) pressure
- pH0
Initial pH
- R
Universal gas constant, 8.314 J(mole K)−1
- tR
Treatment time, min, h
- XA
Conversion of organic matter = 1 − (COD) = (COD)0
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Efficient Synthesis of Diethyl Carbonate by Mg, Zn Promoted Hydroxyapatite via Transesterification Reaction
- Residence Time Distribution Studies in a Modified Rotating Packed Disc Contactor: Mathematical Modeling and Validation
- Enhancement of Cu(II) adsorption on activated carbons by non-thermal plasma modification in O2, N2 and O2/N2 atmospheres
- Enhancement of the performance of a static mixer by combining the converging/diverging tube shapes and the baffling techniques
- Evaluating hydrodynamics in a bioreactor with liquid phase dispersion in the gas phase
- Optimization of multiple parameters of coking wastewater (CWW): catalytic thermolysis (CT) at high pressure reactor (HPR)
- Experimental investigation of start-up dynamics for various heating effects in batch reactive distillation to produce methyl acetate
- Bisphenol S adsorption with activated carbon prepared from corncob: optimization using response surface methodology
- The electrochemical degradation of the metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotic using electrochemical oxidation on a stainless steel316 coated with beta lead oxide (SS316/β-PbO2) anode
- Synthesis of cymene in flow reactor over rare earth metal modified zeolite catalyst
