Abstract
Mitochondria import the vast majority of their proteins via dedicated protein machineries. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex) forms the main entry site for precursor proteins that are produced on cytosolic ribosomes. Subsequently, different protein sorting machineries transfer the incoming preproteins to the mitochondrial outer and inner membranes, the intermembrane space, and the matrix. In this review, we highlight the recently discovered role of porin, also termed voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), in mitochondrial protein biogenesis. Porin forms the major channel for metabolites and ions in the outer membrane of mitochondria. Two different functions of porin in protein translocation have been reported. First, it controls the formation of the TOM complex by modulating the integration of the central receptor Tom22 into the mature translocase. Second, porin promotes the transport of carrier proteins toward the carrier translocase (TIM22 complex), which inserts these preproteins into the inner membrane. Therefore, porin acts as a coupling factor to spatially coordinate outer and inner membrane transport steps. Thus, porin links metabolite transport to protein import, which are both essential for mitochondrial function and biogenesis.
Acknowledgments
Work included in this study has been performed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the doctoral thesis of A.G. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (BE 4679/2-2, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659) and the Excellence Strategy of the German Federal and State Governments (EXC 2189 CIBSS Project ID 390939984).
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©2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Highlight: In Honor of Walter Neupert: Mitochondria
- Editorial
- Mitochondria and friends – a special issue in honor of Walter Neupert (1939–2019)
- Early steps in mitochondrial protein translocation
- From cytosol to mitochondria: the beginning of a protein journey
- Evolution of mitochondrial protein import – lessons from trypanosomes
- Protein import: crossing the outer membrane
- Biogenesis pathways of α-helical mitochondrial outer membrane proteins
- The structure of the TOM core complex in the mitochondrial outer membrane
- Porins as helpers in mitochondrial protein translocation
- Protein translocation beyond the outer membrane
- From TOM to the TIM23 complex – handing over of a precursor
- How to get to the other side of the mitochondrial inner membrane – the protein import motor
- The biogenesis of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins
- Protein import by the mitochondrial disulfide relay in higher eukaryotes
- Mitochondrial ultrastructure and dynamics
- The MICOS complex, a structural element of mitochondria with versatile functions
- Asymmetric inheritance of mitochondria in yeast
- Lipid transport and mitochondrial contact sites
- New horizons in mitochondrial contact site research
- The endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria encounter structure: coordinating lipid metabolism across membranes
- Lipid homeostasis in mitochondria
- The biogenesis of enzymes
- Modular assembly of yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase and cytochrome oxidase
- From the discovery to molecular understanding of cellular iron-sulfur protein biogenesis
- Mitochondrial quality control
- Regulation of mitochondrial plasticity by the i-AAA protease YME1L
- PINK1 and Parkin: team players in stress-induced mitophagy
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Highlight: In Honor of Walter Neupert: Mitochondria
- Editorial
- Mitochondria and friends – a special issue in honor of Walter Neupert (1939–2019)
- Early steps in mitochondrial protein translocation
- From cytosol to mitochondria: the beginning of a protein journey
- Evolution of mitochondrial protein import – lessons from trypanosomes
- Protein import: crossing the outer membrane
- Biogenesis pathways of α-helical mitochondrial outer membrane proteins
- The structure of the TOM core complex in the mitochondrial outer membrane
- Porins as helpers in mitochondrial protein translocation
- Protein translocation beyond the outer membrane
- From TOM to the TIM23 complex – handing over of a precursor
- How to get to the other side of the mitochondrial inner membrane – the protein import motor
- The biogenesis of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins
- Protein import by the mitochondrial disulfide relay in higher eukaryotes
- Mitochondrial ultrastructure and dynamics
- The MICOS complex, a structural element of mitochondria with versatile functions
- Asymmetric inheritance of mitochondria in yeast
- Lipid transport and mitochondrial contact sites
- New horizons in mitochondrial contact site research
- The endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria encounter structure: coordinating lipid metabolism across membranes
- Lipid homeostasis in mitochondria
- The biogenesis of enzymes
- Modular assembly of yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase and cytochrome oxidase
- From the discovery to molecular understanding of cellular iron-sulfur protein biogenesis
- Mitochondrial quality control
- Regulation of mitochondrial plasticity by the i-AAA protease YME1L
- PINK1 and Parkin: team players in stress-induced mitophagy