Abstract
Sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids can regulate cell recognition and signalling. Ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate are major players in the sphingolipid pathways and are involved in the initiation and regulation of signalling, apoptosis, stress responses and infection. Specific chemically synthesised sphingolipid derivatives containing small functionalities like azide or alkyne can mimic the biological properties of natural lipid species, which turns them into useful tools for the investigation of the highly complex sphingolipid metabolism by rapid and selective ‘click chemistry’ using sensitive tags like fluorophores. Subsequent analysis by various fluorescence microscopy techniques or mass spectrometry allows the identification and quantification of the corresponding sphingolipid metabolites as well as the research of associated enzymes. Here we present an overview of recent advances in the synthesis of ceramide and sphingosine analogues for bioorthogonal click reactions to study biosynthetic pathways and localization of sphingolipids for the development of novel therapeutics against lipid-dependent diseases.
Funding source: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Award Identifier / Grant number: SE1410/7-1
Award Identifier / Grant number: SE1410/6-2
Funding statement: The authors are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for funding their work (SE1410/6-2, SE1410/7-1).
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©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Highlight: sphingolipids in infectious biology and immunology
- Sphingolipids in early viral replication and innate immune activation
- The function of sphingomyelinases in mycobacterial infections
- The role of acid sphingomyelinase and modulation of sphingolipid metabolism in bacterial infection
- The neutral sphingomyelinase 2 in T cell receptor signaling and polarity
- Click reactions with functional sphingolipids
- Sphingolipids in inflammatory hypoxia
- CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cell-mediated immunomodulation by anti-depressants inhibiting acid sphingomyelinase
- Pathological manifestations of Farber disease in a new mouse model
- Pulmonary infection of cystic fibrosis mice with Staphylococcus aureus requires expression of α-toxin
- Minireview
- Roles of the nucleotide exchange factor and chaperone Hsp110 in cellular proteostasis and diseases of protein misfolding
- Research Articles/Short Communications
- Proteolysis
- The two cathepsin B-like proteases of Arabidopsis thaliana are closely related enzymes with discrete endopeptidase and carboxydipeptidase activities
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Highlight: sphingolipids in infectious biology and immunology
- Sphingolipids in early viral replication and innate immune activation
- The function of sphingomyelinases in mycobacterial infections
- The role of acid sphingomyelinase and modulation of sphingolipid metabolism in bacterial infection
- The neutral sphingomyelinase 2 in T cell receptor signaling and polarity
- Click reactions with functional sphingolipids
- Sphingolipids in inflammatory hypoxia
- CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cell-mediated immunomodulation by anti-depressants inhibiting acid sphingomyelinase
- Pathological manifestations of Farber disease in a new mouse model
- Pulmonary infection of cystic fibrosis mice with Staphylococcus aureus requires expression of α-toxin
- Minireview
- Roles of the nucleotide exchange factor and chaperone Hsp110 in cellular proteostasis and diseases of protein misfolding
- Research Articles/Short Communications
- Proteolysis
- The two cathepsin B-like proteases of Arabidopsis thaliana are closely related enzymes with discrete endopeptidase and carboxydipeptidase activities