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Recent insights into nitrite signaling processes in blood

  • Christine C. Helms received her PhD in Physics from Wake Forest University in 2010. She then worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Wake Forest University and is now an Associate Professor of Physics at the University of Richmond. Dr. Helms’s research focuses on the mechanics of biological nanofibers. Specifically, she studies factors affecting fiber formation and mechanics such as the effect of environmental condition like nitric oxide exposure on fibrin fiber formation and the effect of spinning conditions on electrospun fiber properties.

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    Xiaohua Liu received a Master degree in Applied Physics from Chalmers University of Technology at Gothenburg, Sweden in 2012. Since then, she has been continuing her education towards a PhD in the Department of Physics at Wake Forest University. She joined Dr. Kim-Shapiro’s lab and focuses on research on NO production or consumption in red blood cells.

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    Daniel B. Kim-Shapiro received a PhD in Biophysics from the University of California at Berkeley in 1993. He is now a Professor and the Associate Chair of Physics and holds the Harbert Family Distinguished Chair for Excellence in Teaching and Scholarship at Wake Forest University. He also is the director of the Wake Forest Translational Science Center (TSC); Fostering Independence in Aging. He employs physical tools and theory to solve problems in biology, focusing generally on reactive oxygen species, heme proteins and blood flow. He is currently studying the effects of nitrite and nitric oxide in biological systems, especially as it relates to sickle cell and other blood or cardiovascular diseases. As director of the TSC, he also has a growing interest in aging research.

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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 8. September 2016
Biological Chemistry
Aus der Zeitschrift Biological Chemistry Band 398 Heft 3

Abstract

Nitrite was once thought to be inert in human physiology. However, research over the past few decades has established a link between nitrite and the production of nitric oxide (NO) that is potentiated under hypoxic and acidic conditions. Under this new role nitrite acts as a storage pool for bioavailable NO. The NO so produced is likely to play important roles in decreasing platelet activation, contributing to hypoxic vasodilation and minimizing blood-cell adhesion to endothelial cells. Researchers have proposed multiple mechanisms for nitrite reduction in the blood. However, NO production in blood must somehow overcome rapid scavenging by hemoglobin in order to be effective. Here we review the role of red blood cell hemoglobin in the reduction of nitrite and present recent research into mechanisms that may allow nitric oxide and other reactive nitrogen signaling species to escape the red blood cell.

Keywords: erythrocyte; hemoglobin; hypoxia; nitric oxide; vasodilation

About the authors

Christine C. Helms

Christine C. Helms received her PhD in Physics from Wake Forest University in 2010. She then worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Wake Forest University and is now an Associate Professor of Physics at the University of Richmond. Dr. Helms’s research focuses on the mechanics of biological nanofibers. Specifically, she studies factors affecting fiber formation and mechanics such as the effect of environmental condition like nitric oxide exposure on fibrin fiber formation and the effect of spinning conditions on electrospun fiber properties.

Xiaohua Liu

Xiaohua Liu received a Master degree in Applied Physics from Chalmers University of Technology at Gothenburg, Sweden in 2012. Since then, she has been continuing her education towards a PhD in the Department of Physics at Wake Forest University. She joined Dr. Kim-Shapiro’s lab and focuses on research on NO production or consumption in red blood cells.

Daniel B. Kim-Shapiro

Daniel B. Kim-Shapiro received a PhD in Biophysics from the University of California at Berkeley in 1993. He is now a Professor and the Associate Chair of Physics and holds the Harbert Family Distinguished Chair for Excellence in Teaching and Scholarship at Wake Forest University. He also is the director of the Wake Forest Translational Science Center (TSC); Fostering Independence in Aging. He employs physical tools and theory to solve problems in biology, focusing generally on reactive oxygen species, heme proteins and blood flow. He is currently studying the effects of nitrite and nitric oxide in biological systems, especially as it relates to sickle cell and other blood or cardiovascular diseases. As director of the TSC, he also has a growing interest in aging research.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NIH grant HL058091.

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Received: 2016-8-4
Accepted: 2016-8-30
Published Online: 2016-9-8
Published in Print: 2017-3-1

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Lysosomes in programmed cell death pathways: from initiators to amplifiers
  4. Mitochondrial carriers in inflammation induced by bacterial endotoxin and cytokines
  5. Recent insights into nitrite signaling processes in blood
  6. Research Articles/Short Communications
  7. Genes and Nucleic Acids
  8. Pokemon decreases the transcriptional activity of RARα in the absence of ligand
  9. Protein Structure and Function
  10. Comparison of enzymatic properties and small molecule inhibition of γ–glutamyltranspeptidases from pathogenic and commensal bacteria
  11. Structural and lipid-binding characterization of human annexin A13a reveals strong differences with its long A13b isoform
  12. Proteolysis
  13. A role for the metalloprotease invadolysin in insulin signaling and adipogenesis
  14. Mirolysin, a LysargiNase from Tannerella forsythia, proteolytically inactivates the human cathelicidin, LL-37
https://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2016-0263
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
erythrocyte; hemoglobin; hypoxia; nitric oxide; vasodilation

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Lysosomes in programmed cell death pathways: from initiators to amplifiers
  4. Mitochondrial carriers in inflammation induced by bacterial endotoxin and cytokines
  5. Recent insights into nitrite signaling processes in blood
  6. Research Articles/Short Communications
  7. Genes and Nucleic Acids
  8. Pokemon decreases the transcriptional activity of RARα in the absence of ligand
  9. Protein Structure and Function
  10. Comparison of enzymatic properties and small molecule inhibition of γ–glutamyltranspeptidases from pathogenic and commensal bacteria
  11. Structural and lipid-binding characterization of human annexin A13a reveals strong differences with its long A13b isoform
  12. Proteolysis
  13. A role for the metalloprotease invadolysin in insulin signaling and adipogenesis
  14. Mirolysin, a LysargiNase from Tannerella forsythia, proteolytically inactivates the human cathelicidin, LL-37
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