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Melanoma resistance to photodynamic therapy: new insights

  • Ying-Ying Huang , Daniela Vecchio , Pinar Avci , Rui Yin , Maria Garcia-Diaz und Michael R. Hamblin EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 8. Januar 2013
Biological Chemistry
Aus der Zeitschrift Biological Chemistry Band 394 Heft 2

Abstract

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer, with a steeply rising incidence and a poor prognosis in its advanced stages. Melanoma is highly resistant to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, although modern targeted therapies such as BRAF inhibitors are showing some promise. Photodynamic therapy (PDT, the combination of photosensitizing dyes and visible light) has been tested in the treatment of melanoma with some promising results, but melanoma is generally considered to be resistant to it. Optical interference by the highly-pigmented melanin, the antioxidant effect of melanin, the sequestration of photosensitizers inside melanosomes, defects in apoptotic pathways, and the efflux of photosensitizers by ATP-binding cassette transporters have all been implicated in melanoma resistance to PDT. Approaches to overcoming melanoma resistance to PDT include: the discovery of highly active photosensitizers absorbing in the 700–800-nm near infrared spectral region; interventions that can temporarily reduce the amount or pigmentation of the melanin; compounds that can reverse apoptotic defects or inhibit drug-efflux of photosensitizers; and immunotherapy approaches that can take advantage of the ability of PDT to activate the host immune system against the tumor being treated.

Keywords: antitumor immune response; depigmentation; drug efflux systems; melanoma; melanosomes; photodynamic therapy; photosensitizers; resistance mechanisms
Corresponding author: Michael R. Hamblin, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
Received: 2012-8-7
Accepted: 2012-11-6
Published Online: 2013-01-08
Published in Print: 2013-02-01

©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston

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  2. Masthead
  3. Guest Editorial
  4. Highlight: The physiology and dynamics of cellular microcompartments
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  10. Microcompartments in the Drosophila heart and the mammalian brain: general features and common principles
  11. Minireviews
  12. Beyond anemia: hepcidin, monocytes and inflammation
  13. Melanoma resistance to photodynamic therapy: new insights
  14. The biosynthesis of caprazamycins and related liponucleoside antibiotics: new insights
  15. cCMP, cUMP, cTMP, cIMP and cXMP as possible second messengers: Development of a hypothesis based on studies with soluble guanylyl cyclase α1β1
  16. Research Articles/Short Communications
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  19. Cell Biology and Signaling
  20. Possible role of a septin, SEPT1, in spreading in squamous cell carcinoma DJM-1 cells
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https://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2012-0228
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
antitumor immune response; depigmentation; drug efflux systems; melanoma; melanosomes; photodynamic therapy; photosensitizers; resistance mechanisms

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Masthead
  2. Masthead
  3. Guest Editorial
  4. Highlight: The physiology and dynamics of cellular microcompartments
  5. Highlight: The Physiology and Dynamics of Cellular Microcompartments
  6. Cellular microcompartments constitute general suborganellar functional units in cells
  7. Dynamics of bioenergetic microcompartments
  8. Microcompartments within the yeast plasma membrane
  9. Plant cell microcompartments: a redox-signaling perspective
  10. Microcompartments in the Drosophila heart and the mammalian brain: general features and common principles
  11. Minireviews
  12. Beyond anemia: hepcidin, monocytes and inflammation
  13. Melanoma resistance to photodynamic therapy: new insights
  14. The biosynthesis of caprazamycins and related liponucleoside antibiotics: new insights
  15. cCMP, cUMP, cTMP, cIMP and cXMP as possible second messengers: Development of a hypothesis based on studies with soluble guanylyl cyclase α1β1
  16. Research Articles/Short Communications
  17. Protein Structure and Function
  18. Degradation of channelopsin-2 in the absence of retinal and degradation resistance in certain mutants
  19. Cell Biology and Signaling
  20. Possible role of a septin, SEPT1, in spreading in squamous cell carcinoma DJM-1 cells
  21. Proteolysis
  22. ADAMTS: Novel proteases expressed by activated mast cells
  23. The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1α and tumor necrosis factor α promote the expression and secretion of proteolytically active cathepsin S from human chondrocytes
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