Obesity-related proliferative diseases: the interaction between adipose tissue and estrogens in post-menopausal women
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Valentina Vicennati
, Silvia Garelli
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that overweight and cancer are closely related, even though obesity alone does not apparently heighten cancer risk by the same amount. Given the low overall risk of all cancers with obesity, it is unlikely that obesity alone causes cancer, but should instead be considered as a tumor promoter. There are three main hypotheses that could explain how obesity might contribute to cancer development and growth: the inflammatory cytokines from adipose tissue hypothesis, the insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia hypothesis, and the unopposed estrogen cancer hypothesis. The link between obesity and cancer is that adipocytes constitute a major component of the tumor microenvironment for breast and abdominally metastasizing cancers, promoting tumor growth. This review will mainly focus attention on the relationship between adipose tissue, estrogens, and cancer risk.
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©2015 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial Preface
- Adiposopathy in cancer and (cardio)metabolic diseases: an endocrine approach – Part 2
- Topic 1: Impact of Adiposopathy in Tumoral Disease: Endocrine and Clinical Aspects
- Review Articles
- Obesity and cancer
- Adipose tissue dysfunction and its effects on tumor metabolism
- Local adipocyte cancer cell paracrine loop: can “sick fat” be more detrimental?
- Adipose tissue, obesity and adipokines: role in cancer promotion
- Obesity-related proliferative diseases: the interaction between adipose tissue and estrogens in post-menopausal women
- Molecular cues on obesity signals, tumor markers and endometrial cancer
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial Preface
- Adiposopathy in cancer and (cardio)metabolic diseases: an endocrine approach – Part 2
- Topic 1: Impact of Adiposopathy in Tumoral Disease: Endocrine and Clinical Aspects
- Review Articles
- Obesity and cancer
- Adipose tissue dysfunction and its effects on tumor metabolism
- Local adipocyte cancer cell paracrine loop: can “sick fat” be more detrimental?
- Adipose tissue, obesity and adipokines: role in cancer promotion
- Obesity-related proliferative diseases: the interaction between adipose tissue and estrogens in post-menopausal women
- Molecular cues on obesity signals, tumor markers and endometrial cancer