Study on the impregnation quality of rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) and English oak (Quercus robur L.) sawn veneers after treatment with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5- dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU)
Abstract
The efficacy of chemical wood modification is closely related to the permeability of the wood species and the cell wall deposition of the reagent, causing a permanent swelling (“bulking effect”). This study aimed to analyze how rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) and English oak (Quercus robur L.) may be affected by chemical wood modification, although they are known to show either variations in permeability or being less permeable. Thin clear veneers were treated with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5- dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) which resulted in significantly reduced moisture-induced swelling and increased the resistance to static and dynamic indentation loads. The results evidenced significantly lower liquid uptakes in English oak compared to rubberwood, which directly affected the weight percent gains (WPGs) and restricted the range for potential improvements of the material properties. Surprisingly, rubberwood showed a lower cell wall bulking, which, in comparison with English oak, indicated less DMDHEU monomers entering the cell walls and rather being located in the cell lumens. Atypical for treatments with cell wall penetration chemicals, no further decrease in maximum swelling (SM) was detected with increasing bulking in rubberwood specimens. English oak showed higher variations in DMDHEU distribution within treated veneers and between earlywood and latewood areas, effecting a less homogeneous performance.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge and cordially thank the We are Wood Holzagentur GmbH who provided the wood raw material, and the Archroma Management GmbH who provided the modification chemicals.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Conflict of interest statement: None declared.
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©2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Wood modification research in Europe
- Review
- Outlook for modified wood use and regulations in circular economy
- Original Articles
- Suitability of a lignin-derived mono-phenol mimic to replace phenol in phenol-formaldehyde resin for use in wood treatment
- Beech wood treated with polyglycerol succinate: a new effective method for its protection and stabilization
- Study on the impregnation quality of rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) and English oak (Quercus robur L.) sawn veneers after treatment with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5- dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU)
- The effect of diammonium phosphate and sodium silicate on the adhesion and fire properties of birch veneer
- Enhanced bonding of acetylated wood with an MUF-based adhesive and a resorcinol-formaldehyde-based primer
- Brown rot gene expression and regulation in acetylated and furfurylated wood: a complex picture
- Investigation of the effect of aging on wood hygroscopicity by 2D 1H NMR relaxometry
- Dynamic vapour sorption protocols for the quantification of accessible hydroxyl groups in wood
- A molecular model for reversible and irreversible hygroscopicity changes by thermal wood modification
- Effect of service life aspects on carbon footprint: a comparison of wood decking products
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Wood modification research in Europe
- Review
- Outlook for modified wood use and regulations in circular economy
- Original Articles
- Suitability of a lignin-derived mono-phenol mimic to replace phenol in phenol-formaldehyde resin for use in wood treatment
- Beech wood treated with polyglycerol succinate: a new effective method for its protection and stabilization
- Study on the impregnation quality of rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) and English oak (Quercus robur L.) sawn veneers after treatment with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5- dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU)
- The effect of diammonium phosphate and sodium silicate on the adhesion and fire properties of birch veneer
- Enhanced bonding of acetylated wood with an MUF-based adhesive and a resorcinol-formaldehyde-based primer
- Brown rot gene expression and regulation in acetylated and furfurylated wood: a complex picture
- Investigation of the effect of aging on wood hygroscopicity by 2D 1H NMR relaxometry
- Dynamic vapour sorption protocols for the quantification of accessible hydroxyl groups in wood
- A molecular model for reversible and irreversible hygroscopicity changes by thermal wood modification
- Effect of service life aspects on carbon footprint: a comparison of wood decking products