Investigation of a new formaldehyde-free adhesive consisting of soybean flour and Kymene® 736 for interior plywood
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Nairong Chen
Abstract
A combination of Kymene® 736 (K736) resin [a paper wet strength agent from reactions of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and epichlorohydrin (ECH)] and defatted soy flour (DSF) was investigated as a formaldehyde-free wood adhesive. In focus was the pH influence on the pot life of the adhesive and the water resistance of the plywood prepared with the new adhesive. It was found that the pH of the DSF-K736 adhesive had to be ≥11 before the resulting plywood panels could meet industrial water resistance requirements for interior plywood. The DSF/K736 weight ratio significantly affected the water resistance of the resulting 5-ply plywood. The 11/1 was the highest ratio that still enabled the plywood to meet the water resistance requirements. The hot-pressing temperature of ≥110°C and the hot-pressing time of ≥4 min resulted in 5-ply plywood panels with water resistance properties. The probable mechanism is that K736 reacts with nucleophilic groups in DSF and highly crosslinked adhesive networks are formed. This supposition is supported by the presence of an ester band in the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of the cured DSF-K736 adhesive.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: Chen’s 1-year research work at Oregon State University was supported by the China Scholarship Council, Funder Id: 10.13039/501100004543 [grant numbers 201608350029].
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
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©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Rapid identification of wood species by near-infrared spatially resolved spectroscopy (NIR-SRS) based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI)
- Comparison of various multivariate models to estimate structural properties by means of non-destructive techniques (NDTs) in Pinus sylvestris L. timber
- Influence of length on acoustic time-of-flight (ToF) measurement in built-in structures of Norway spruce timber
- Characterization of Pinus nigra var. laricio [Maire] bark extracts at the analytical and pilot scale
- Determination of the absolute molar mass of acetylated eucalyptus kraft lignin by two types of size-exclusion chromatography combined with multi-angle laser light-scattering detectors
- Moisture-induced deformation in the neck of a classical guitar
- Prediction of physical and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood based on color change evaluated by means of “group method of data handling” (GMDH) neural network
- A self-cleaning surface based on heat treatment of g-C3N4-coated wood prepared by a rapid and eco-friendly method
- Mechanical, thermo-mechanical and water uptake performance of wood flour filled polyurethane elastomer eco-composites: influence of surface treatment of wood flour
- Investigation of a new formaldehyde-free adhesive consisting of soybean flour and Kymene® 736 for interior plywood
- Negative oxygen ion (NOI) production by enhanced photocatalytic TiO2/GO composites anchored on wooden substrates
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Rapid identification of wood species by near-infrared spatially resolved spectroscopy (NIR-SRS) based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI)
- Comparison of various multivariate models to estimate structural properties by means of non-destructive techniques (NDTs) in Pinus sylvestris L. timber
- Influence of length on acoustic time-of-flight (ToF) measurement in built-in structures of Norway spruce timber
- Characterization of Pinus nigra var. laricio [Maire] bark extracts at the analytical and pilot scale
- Determination of the absolute molar mass of acetylated eucalyptus kraft lignin by two types of size-exclusion chromatography combined with multi-angle laser light-scattering detectors
- Moisture-induced deformation in the neck of a classical guitar
- Prediction of physical and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood based on color change evaluated by means of “group method of data handling” (GMDH) neural network
- A self-cleaning surface based on heat treatment of g-C3N4-coated wood prepared by a rapid and eco-friendly method
- Mechanical, thermo-mechanical and water uptake performance of wood flour filled polyurethane elastomer eco-composites: influence of surface treatment of wood flour
- Investigation of a new formaldehyde-free adhesive consisting of soybean flour and Kymene® 736 for interior plywood
- Negative oxygen ion (NOI) production by enhanced photocatalytic TiO2/GO composites anchored on wooden substrates
