Abstract
European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was thermally modified in a closed reactor system under various process conditions. Sorption cycles, dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) measurements, and a three-point bending test were performed on thermally modified wood (TMW) to assess hygroscopicity and mechanical properties. As a function of mass loss (ML), the initial equilibrium moisture content (EMC) measured at 20°C/65% relative humidity (RH) directly after the process was strongly influenced by the RH during the process. This effect is explained by realignments of amorphous polymers in the cell wall ultra-structure in the course of thermal modification (TM). However, the EMC of TMW gradually increased after sorption cycles consisting of conditioning over liquid water and water-soaking. This increase was most distinct for TMW modified at low RH, which is an indication for reversible ultra-structural realignments. Results of the bending test suggest that structural realignments also hindered the plastic flow of amorphous cell wall polymers, thereby reducing inelastic toughness and inelastic deflection, while other bending properties were solely affected by ML alone. Process conditions in a closed reactor systems have a profound impact on resulting wood properties, and thus, the partial reversibility of these property changes need to be considered during the application.
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©2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Furfural production from birch hemicelluloses by two-step processing: a potential technology for biorefineries
- Novel cellulose pretreatment solvent: phosphonium-based amino acid ionic liquid/cosolvent for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis
- Grafting polyethylene glycol dicrylate (PEGDA) to cell walls of poplar wood in two steps for improving dimensional stability and durability of the wood polymer composite
- Development and characterization of a formaldehyde-free adhesive from lupine flour, glycerol, and a novel curing agent for particleboard (PB) production
- Characterization of the adsorption properties of a phosphorylated kraft lignin-based polymer at the solid/liquid interface by the QCM-D approach
- Furfurylated wood: impact on Postia placenta gene expression and oxalate crystal formation
- Equilibrium thermodynamics of wood moisture revisited: presentation of a simplified theory
- Influence of process conditions on hygroscopicity and mechanical properties of European beech thermally modified in a high-pressure reactor system
- Method for the integral calculation of the fiber orientation and the fundamental material properties of softwood logs and lumber
- Interaction between secondary phloem and xylem in gravitropic reaction of lateral branches of Tilia cordata Mill. trees
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Furfural production from birch hemicelluloses by two-step processing: a potential technology for biorefineries
- Novel cellulose pretreatment solvent: phosphonium-based amino acid ionic liquid/cosolvent for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis
- Grafting polyethylene glycol dicrylate (PEGDA) to cell walls of poplar wood in two steps for improving dimensional stability and durability of the wood polymer composite
- Development and characterization of a formaldehyde-free adhesive from lupine flour, glycerol, and a novel curing agent for particleboard (PB) production
- Characterization of the adsorption properties of a phosphorylated kraft lignin-based polymer at the solid/liquid interface by the QCM-D approach
- Furfurylated wood: impact on Postia placenta gene expression and oxalate crystal formation
- Equilibrium thermodynamics of wood moisture revisited: presentation of a simplified theory
- Influence of process conditions on hygroscopicity and mechanical properties of European beech thermally modified in a high-pressure reactor system
- Method for the integral calculation of the fiber orientation and the fundamental material properties of softwood logs and lumber
- Interaction between secondary phloem and xylem in gravitropic reaction of lateral branches of Tilia cordata Mill. trees