Standard and non-standard deformation behaviour of European beech and Norway spruce during compression
-
Martin Brabec
,
Jan Tippner
Abstract
The goal of the study is to investigate the non-standard deformation behaviour of wood loaded by compression parallel to the grain. This is represented as a negative increment of strain in the range of plastic deformations when the load continues to increase. The objectives of this study are to point out this problem and to provide its description based on the deformation fields that have been analysed using three approaches: a) full-field optical technique based on digital image correlation (DIC); b) “clip on” extensometer and its virtual analogy, and c) crosshead displacement method. Further, the negative strain phenomenon was studied depending on the sample length. The samples were made from the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.). Based on the strain analysis, it can be concluded that the deformation field consists of three sub-regions exhibiting different stiffness values (three-spring model). The failure of less stiff zones near the compression plates during the “non-standard” compression behaviour causes almost zero compression deformation of the stiffer middle zone or even leads to its expansion. The three-zone heterogeneity of deformation field induces a deviation of the displacement and strain measured by the proposed approaches. This phenomenon substantially influences the resulting longitudinal Young’s modulus and, therefore, should be of concern when measuring wood in such mode.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the Internal Grant Agency of Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology at Mendel University in Brno (Grant No. 62/2013) and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (Grant No. 6215648902), and by the European Social Fund and the state budget of the Czech Republic, project “The Establishment of an International Research Team for the Development of New Wood-based Materials” Reg. No. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0269.
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©2015 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Cloning and expression of a sesquiterpene synthase gene from Taiwania cryptomerioides
- Stabilization, degradation, and dissolution behavior of Scots pine polysaccharides during polysulfide (K-PS) and polysulfide anthraquinone (K-PSAQ) pulping
- Swelling, viscoelastic, and anatomical studies on ionic liquid-swollen Norway spruce as a screening tool toward ionosolv pulping
- Synthesis and antifungal activity of dehydroabietic acid-based thiadiazole-phosphonates
- Nanofibrillation of TEMPO-oxidized bleached hardwood kraft cellulose at high solids content
- Free radical gelling reactions of lignosulfonates
- Preparation of electrode for electric double layer capacitor from electrospun lignin fibers
- Standard and non-standard deformation behaviour of European beech and Norway spruce during compression
- Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 1. Partial least squares (PLS) method
- Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 2. Propagation velocity (PV) method
- Improved method based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for nondestructive evaluation of solid wood moisture content
- A comparative study of dewatering of Pinus radiata sapwood using supercritical CO2 and conventional forced air-drying via in situ magnetic resonance microimaging (MRI)
- Influence of exposure time, wood species and dimension on the remaining copper and chromium content in CC-treated wood after field and laboratory leaching tests
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Cloning and expression of a sesquiterpene synthase gene from Taiwania cryptomerioides
- Stabilization, degradation, and dissolution behavior of Scots pine polysaccharides during polysulfide (K-PS) and polysulfide anthraquinone (K-PSAQ) pulping
- Swelling, viscoelastic, and anatomical studies on ionic liquid-swollen Norway spruce as a screening tool toward ionosolv pulping
- Synthesis and antifungal activity of dehydroabietic acid-based thiadiazole-phosphonates
- Nanofibrillation of TEMPO-oxidized bleached hardwood kraft cellulose at high solids content
- Free radical gelling reactions of lignosulfonates
- Preparation of electrode for electric double layer capacitor from electrospun lignin fibers
- Standard and non-standard deformation behaviour of European beech and Norway spruce during compression
- Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 1. Partial least squares (PLS) method
- Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 2. Propagation velocity (PV) method
- Improved method based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for nondestructive evaluation of solid wood moisture content
- A comparative study of dewatering of Pinus radiata sapwood using supercritical CO2 and conventional forced air-drying via in situ magnetic resonance microimaging (MRI)
- Influence of exposure time, wood species and dimension on the remaining copper and chromium content in CC-treated wood after field and laboratory leaching tests
