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Swelling, viscoelastic, and anatomical studies on ionic liquid-swollen Norway spruce as a screening tool toward ionosolv pulping

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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 27. Juni 2015
Holzforschung
Aus der Zeitschrift Holzforschung Band 69 Heft 9

Abstract

To screen ionic liquid (IL) candidates for wood ionosolv pulping, swelling and viscoelastic studies on Norway spruce wood treated with ionic liquids have been conducted. In particular, the temperature dependency and kinetics of swelling in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acesulfamate ([BMIM]Ace) and in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM]OAc) were in focus. The kinetics of volumetric swelling in [BMIM]Ace yielded an Ea of 54 kJ.mol-1 compared to 23 kJ.mol-1 in [EMIM]OAc. The viscoelastic behavior of IL-swollen wood was studied by dynamic mechanical analysis, and the lowest in situ glass transition temperature (Tg) of lignin was ∼58°C and ∼65°C in [BMIM]Ace and in [EMIM]OAc, respectively. These Tg values are lower than that found in water. Higher Tg was calculated by the Gordon-Taylor equation, which means that swelling is not only due to the plasticizing effect of the ILs. SEM images showed that [EMIM]OAc has a stronger plasticizing effect than [BMIM]Ace. Overall, [EMIM]OAc is the most efficient agent for wood swelling, softening, and disintegration and, thus, it is the most promising candidate for ionosolv pulping.

Keywords: [BMIM]Ace; [EMIM]OAc; ionic liquids; ionosolv pulping; Tg of lignin in situ; wood softening; wood swelling
Corresponding author: Marie-Pierre G. Laborie, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Werthmannstr. 6, 79085 Freiburg, Germany, Phone: +49 (0) 761 203 97617, Fax: +49 (0)761 203 3763, e-mail: ; and Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany

Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), German Society of International Collaboration (GIZ) and Brazilian Department of Higher Education (CAPES program) through the Novas Parcerias (NoPa) program for Brazilian-German academic exchanges Project (006/12). The authors are thankful to Elke Stibal for the technical help and support, and Uwe Uhlich and Erwin Hummel for the preparation of the Norway spruce wood samples.

Funding: DAAD, (Grant/Award Number: ‘54504444’).

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Received: 2014-10-6
Accepted: 2015-1-16
Published Online: 2015-6-27
Published in Print: 2015-11-1

©2015 by De Gruyter

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Articles
  3. Cloning and expression of a sesquiterpene synthase gene from Taiwania cryptomerioides
  4. Stabilization, degradation, and dissolution behavior of Scots pine polysaccharides during polysulfide (K-PS) and polysulfide anthraquinone (K-PSAQ) pulping
  5. Swelling, viscoelastic, and anatomical studies on ionic liquid-swollen Norway spruce as a screening tool toward ionosolv pulping
  6. Synthesis and antifungal activity of dehydroabietic acid-based thiadiazole-phosphonates
  7. Nanofibrillation of TEMPO-oxidized bleached hardwood kraft cellulose at high solids content
  8. Free radical gelling reactions of lignosulfonates
  9. Preparation of electrode for electric double layer capacitor from electrospun lignin fibers
  10. Standard and non-standard deformation behaviour of European beech and Norway spruce during compression
  11. Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 1. Partial least squares (PLS) method
  12. Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 2. Propagation velocity (PV) method
  13. Improved method based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for nondestructive evaluation of solid wood moisture content
  14. A comparative study of dewatering of Pinus radiata sapwood using supercritical CO2 and conventional forced air-drying via in situ magnetic resonance microimaging (MRI)
  15. Influence of exposure time, wood species and dimension on the remaining copper and chromium content in CC-treated wood after field and laboratory leaching tests
https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0292
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
[BMIM]Ace; [EMIM]OAc; ionic liquids; ionosolv pulping; Tg of lignin in situ; wood softening; wood swelling

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Articles
  3. Cloning and expression of a sesquiterpene synthase gene from Taiwania cryptomerioides
  4. Stabilization, degradation, and dissolution behavior of Scots pine polysaccharides during polysulfide (K-PS) and polysulfide anthraquinone (K-PSAQ) pulping
  5. Swelling, viscoelastic, and anatomical studies on ionic liquid-swollen Norway spruce as a screening tool toward ionosolv pulping
  6. Synthesis and antifungal activity of dehydroabietic acid-based thiadiazole-phosphonates
  7. Nanofibrillation of TEMPO-oxidized bleached hardwood kraft cellulose at high solids content
  8. Free radical gelling reactions of lignosulfonates
  9. Preparation of electrode for electric double layer capacitor from electrospun lignin fibers
  10. Standard and non-standard deformation behaviour of European beech and Norway spruce during compression
  11. Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 1. Partial least squares (PLS) method
  12. Determination of log moisture content using ground penetrating radar (GPR). Part 2. Propagation velocity (PV) method
  13. Improved method based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for nondestructive evaluation of solid wood moisture content
  14. A comparative study of dewatering of Pinus radiata sapwood using supercritical CO2 and conventional forced air-drying via in situ magnetic resonance microimaging (MRI)
  15. Influence of exposure time, wood species and dimension on the remaining copper and chromium content in CC-treated wood after field and laboratory leaching tests
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