Self-discharge Reactions in Energy Storage Devices Based on Polypyrrole-cellulose Composite Electrodes
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Henrik Olsson
Henrik Olsson received his PhD 2014 in engineering science with specialization in nanotechnology and functional materials from Uppsala University. He is currently a researcher at Uppsala University, focused on the development of sustainable and organic matter based energy storage.Martin Sjödin received his PhD 2004 in Physical Chemistry. He is an expert on organic matter based electrical energy storage systems and is specialized on charge transfer in molecular and polymeric systems. Dr. Sjödin is the scientific coordinator of the Sustainable Batteries consortium and he has long experience in electrochemical characterization of energy storage systems.Erik Jämstorp Berg received his PhD (2012) in engineering science with specialization in nanotechnology and functional materials from Uppsala University. He is currently working on energy storage and conversion as a post-doc at Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland.Maria Strømme became a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow in 2002 and obtained the Chair position in Nanotechnology at Uppsala University in 2004, as the youngest technology Chair professor in Sweden. Her current work focuses on developing nano materials and methods for applications within the life sciences and for energy storage and includes development of new diagnostic principles, implantable materials, drug delivery systems and materials for charge separation and storage.Leif Nyholm , who since 2001 holds a position as professor of Analytical Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory at Uppsala University, has published within the fields of electrochemistry, separation science and electrospray mass spectrometry. His current work involves research on paper-based charge storage devices, electrodeposition of nanostructured Li-ion battery materials, Li-ion microbatteries and bipolar electrochemical devices.
Abstract
The self-discharge behavior of organic electrodes and symmetric devices for sustainable energy storage, composed of electrodes containing a thin layer of polypyrrole coated onto a high surface area cellulose matrix, has been studied for the first time using different electrode sizes and electrolytes. Experimental data from open circuit measurements of the individual electrode potentials of charged symmetrical two-electrode energy storage devices as a function of time were evaluated based on three different self-discharge models. This evaluation clearly showed that the self-discharge process of the positive electrode is governed by a previously undetected activation-controlled faradaic reaction while the self-discharge of the negative electrode is due to diffusion controlled oxidation involving oxygen dissolved in the electrolyte. Potentiostatic three-electrode measurements and spectroelectrochemical experiments also showed that protons as well as maleimide were released from positively polarized polypyrrole electrodes. These new findings clearly show that the self-discharge of the cells originate from two different types of reactions on the positive and negative electrodes and that the main contribution to the self-discharge of the cells comes from an activation controlled reaction involving the positive electrode. These results provide an improved understanding of polypyrrole based devices and also yield new possibilities for the development of stable conducting polymer system for energy storage applications.
About the authors
Henrik Olsson received his PhD 2014 in engineering science with specialization in nanotechnology and functional materials from Uppsala University. He is currently a researcher at Uppsala University, focused on the development of sustainable and organic matter based energy storage.
Martin Sjödin received his PhD 2004 in Physical Chemistry. He is an expert on organic matter based electrical energy storage systems and is specialized on charge transfer in molecular and polymeric systems. Dr. Sjödin is the scientific coordinator of the Sustainable Batteries consortium and he has long experience in electrochemical characterization of energy storage systems.
Erik Jämstorp Berg received his PhD (2012) in engineering science with specialization in nanotechnology and functional materials from Uppsala University. He is currently working on energy storage and conversion as a post-doc at Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland.
Maria Strømme became a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow in 2002 and obtained the Chair position in Nanotechnology at Uppsala University in 2004, as the youngest technology Chair professor in Sweden. Her current work focuses on developing nano materials and methods for applications within the life sciences and for energy storage and includes development of new diagnostic principles, implantable materials, drug delivery systems and materials for charge separation and storage.
Leif Nyholm, who since 2001 holds a position as professor of Analytical Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory at Uppsala University, has published within the fields of electrochemistry, separation science and electrospray mass spectrometry. His current work involves research on paper-based charge storage devices, electrodeposition of nanostructured Li-ion battery materials, Li-ion microbatteries and bipolar electrochemical devices.
©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Munich/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- In this issue
- Publisher's Note
- Short Reports
- Mini-Review
- Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitors and Hybrid Devices for Green Energy Applications
- Original Articles
- Energy Transport and Storage using Methanol as a Carrier
- Self-discharge Reactions in Energy Storage Devices Based on Polypyrrole-cellulose Composite Electrodes
- Expert View from Industry
- A Perspective on Energy Storage and Other Means to Integrate Increasing Shares of Renewable Electricity Generation
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- In this issue
- Publisher's Note
- Short Reports
- Mini-Review
- Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitors and Hybrid Devices for Green Energy Applications
- Original Articles
- Energy Transport and Storage using Methanol as a Carrier
- Self-discharge Reactions in Energy Storage Devices Based on Polypyrrole-cellulose Composite Electrodes
- Expert View from Industry
- A Perspective on Energy Storage and Other Means to Integrate Increasing Shares of Renewable Electricity Generation
