Ultra-compact half-mode substrate integrated waveguide diplexer based on evanescent-mode technique
-
Mostafa Danaeian
Abstract
An ultra-compact diplexer using a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) structure loaded by the miniaturized metamaterial unit cell is offered in this paper. The evanescent mode technique, the half-mode technique, and the meander technique have been employed, simultaneously to miniaturize the total dimension of the proposed diplexer. In the modified metamaterial unit cell, which is called the meander complementary split-ring resonator (MCSRR) unit cell, the meander slot line is etched inside the interior space of the ring instead of the conventional slot line in the traditional complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) unit cell. Accordingly, the electrical size of the MCSRR unit cell is smaller than the conventional CSRR unit cell with the same physical size. By loading the introduced MCSRR unit cell on the HMSIW structure, a miniaturized diplexer has been designed and simulated. To verify the performance of the proposed component, the designed HMSIW-MCSRR diplexer has been fabricated and measured. A reasonable agreement between simulated and measured results has been achieved. The fractional 3-dB bandwidths of the up and down channels are 3.3 % and 2.8 % at 2.45 GHz and 3.55 GHz, respectively. The total size of the proposed diplexer is about 0.25 λg × 0.08 λg.
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Informed consent: Not applicable.
-
Author contributions: The author has accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest: The author states no conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Data availability: None declared.
References
[1] M. Danaeian and k. Afrooz, “Compact metamaterial unit-cell based on stepped-impedance resonator technique and its application to miniaturize substrate integrated waveguide filter and diplexer,” Int. J. RF Microw. Computer-Aided Eng., vol. 29, no. 2, p. e21537, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1002/mmce.21537.Search in Google Scholar
[2] M. Danaeian, “Miniaturized half-mode substrate integrated waveguide diplexer based on SIR–CSRR unit cell,” Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process., vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 555–561, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-019-01528-5.Search in Google Scholar
[3] M. Danaeian, K. Afrooz, and A. Hakimi, “Miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide diplexer using open complementary split ring resonators,” Radioengineering, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 31, 2017.10.13164/re.2017.0030Search in Google Scholar
[4] S. Deng, F. Xu, and Z. Zheng, “Compact diplexer with high isolation based on mixed-mode triangular substrate integrated waveguide cavities,” Electron. Lett., vol. 59, no. 7, p. e12773, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.12773.Search in Google Scholar
[5] X. Liu, Y. Liu, T. Zhang, Q. Lu, and Z. Zhu, “Substrate-integrated waveguide band-pass filter and diplexer with controllable transmission zeros and wide-stopband,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Express Briefs, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 526–530, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3215076.Search in Google Scholar
[6] N. C. Pradhan, S. S. Karthikeyan, R. K. Barik, and Q. S. Cheng, “A novel compact diplexer employing substrate integrated waveguide loaded by triangular slots for C-band application,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 830–842, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2021.1987991.Search in Google Scholar
[7] K. H. El-Gendy, A. A. Abdel Aziz, M. F. Hagag, and M. A. Abdalla, “A compact metamaterial SIW diplexer with transmission zeros,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 36, no. 17, pp. 2536–2548, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2022.2098063.Search in Google Scholar
[8] A. Widaa and M. Höft, “Very compact diplexer based on dual-mode dielectric TM-mode resonators,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Technol. Lett., vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 387–390, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1109/lmwt.2022.3228398.Search in Google Scholar
[9] N. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Yang, and Z. Zhu, “Compact interdigital bandpass filter, diplexer, and triplexer based on through quartz vias (TQVs),” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 988–997, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1109/tcpmt.2022.3178411.Search in Google Scholar
[10] N. Liu, C. Fan, X. Liu, Z. Zhu, and Y. Yang, “Wide-Stopband diplexer with small frequency ratio based on SIW dual-mode resonators for millimeter-wave applications,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1109/tcpmt.2023.3243204.Search in Google Scholar
[11] B. G. Liu and C. H. Cheng, “Compact triple-mode folded-HMSIW diplexer with wide stopband and high isolation based on embedded isolation network,” IEEE Trans. Circ. Sys. II: Express Briefs, vol. 69, no. 11, pp. 4298–4302, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3183121.Search in Google Scholar
[12] C. Karpuz, P. O. Ozdemir, H. H. Balik, and A. Gorur, “An alternative coupling matrix arrangement for capacitively loaded multi-mode microstrip diplexers having close channel bands,” AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 161, p. 154540, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2023.154540.Search in Google Scholar
[13] M. M. Shirkhar and S. Roshani, “Design and implementation of a bandpass–bandpass diplexer using coupled structures,” Wirel. Pers. Commun., vol. 122, no. 3, pp. 2463–2477, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09002-0.Search in Google Scholar
[14] R. T. Hammed, “Multilayered U-shape diplexer for high performance multifunctional wireless communication systems,” AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 150, p. 154217, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2022.154217.Search in Google Scholar
© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Determination of torso and main limp features of human gait from micro-Doppler radar measurements based on envelope detection and Kalman filtering
- DGS enabled compact implantable antenna with minimal SAR for biomedical applications
- An embroidered spoof surface plasmon polariton transmission line for wearable wireless body area networks based on Minkowski fractal structure
- Ultra-compact half-mode substrate integrated waveguide diplexer based on evanescent-mode technique
- Novel N-way reconfigurable power divider with switchable paths and adjustable frequency
- Dual band half mode SIW filter loaded with CSRR and modified T-shaped slots for X & K bands applications
- Square octagon split ring resonator-based metamaterial absorber under S, C, X, and Ku band for absorbing and sensing application
- High isolation metamaterial based MIMO antenna with modified ground for 5G millimeter-wave applications
- End-fire circularly polarized antenna for satellite direct link in metal-bezel mobile terminals
- A wide band and high gain 3-D printed patch antenna for X-band applications
- Improving wireless data efficiency through the development of terahertz antennas with unique photonic crystal air holes
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Determination of torso and main limp features of human gait from micro-Doppler radar measurements based on envelope detection and Kalman filtering
- DGS enabled compact implantable antenna with minimal SAR for biomedical applications
- An embroidered spoof surface plasmon polariton transmission line for wearable wireless body area networks based on Minkowski fractal structure
- Ultra-compact half-mode substrate integrated waveguide diplexer based on evanescent-mode technique
- Novel N-way reconfigurable power divider with switchable paths and adjustable frequency
- Dual band half mode SIW filter loaded with CSRR and modified T-shaped slots for X & K bands applications
- Square octagon split ring resonator-based metamaterial absorber under S, C, X, and Ku band for absorbing and sensing application
- High isolation metamaterial based MIMO antenna with modified ground for 5G millimeter-wave applications
- End-fire circularly polarized antenna for satellite direct link in metal-bezel mobile terminals
- A wide band and high gain 3-D printed patch antenna for X-band applications
- Improving wireless data efficiency through the development of terahertz antennas with unique photonic crystal air holes
