A multi-band planar antenna for biomedical applications
-
Kim Ho Yeap
,
Eileen Mei Foong Tan
Abstract
We present the design of a compact tri-band adhesive planar antenna which operates as a gateway for biomedical applications. Operating in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band (2.4–2.5 GHz), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.15.6 Wireless Body Area Network Ultra-Wide Band (WBAN UWB) (3.1–10.6 GHz) and the IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network or WLAN (WLAN) band (5.15–5.725 GHz), the antenna is useful in the context of body-signal monitoring. The ISM band is used for in-body communication with the implanted medical devices, whereas the WBAN and WLAN bands are for off-body communication with the base station and central medical server, respectively. We have designed our antenna to operate at 2.34/3.20/4.98 GHz. The simulation results show that the antenna has 10 dB bandwidths of 420 MHz (2.07–2.49 GHz), 90 MHz (3.16–3.25 GHz), and 460 MHz (4.76–5.22 GHz) to cover the ISM, WBAN, and WLAN bands, respectively. The proposed antenna is printed on a flexible Rogers RT/duroid 5880 epoxy substrate and it occupies a compact volume of 24 × 24 × 0.787 mm. The designed antenna is simulated using HFSS and the fabricated antenna is experimentally validated by adhering it to a human skin. The simulated and measured performance of the antenna confirms its omnidirectional radiation patterns and high return losses at the three resonant bands.
Funding source: Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
Award Identifier / Grant number: IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2019-C1/Y01
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This work was supported in part by the UTAR research fund (project: IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2020-C1/Y03).
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
Appendix: Computation of the frequency dependent effective permittivity
The parameters for the width of the antenna L5 and the gap distance G between the strip and the ground plane are substituted into (2) below to solve for the effective permittivity εeff [15], [, 16]:
where εe is the frequency independent effective dielectric constant and fTE is the cutoff frequency of the TE0 surface wave mode of the substrate, which can be expressed as,
where c is the velocity of wave at free space. The variables u and v in Eq. (2) can be approximated as [16],
and
The frequency independent effective dielectric constant εe expressed in Eq. (6) below is dispersionless and is derived from electrostatic methods [16],
The arguments k0, k1,
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© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Compact and novel coupled line microstrip bandpass filter based on stepped impedance resonators for millimetre-wave communications
- Design and development of rigid coaxial line based variable stub tuner
- Design of coaxial and waveguide couplers for helix TWT
- Experimental evaluation of line-of-sight multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission for sub-6 GHz carrier frequencies
- Bending and SAR analysis on UWB wearable MIMO antenna for on-arm WBAN applications
- Compact cross-shaped parasitic strip based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications
- A compact single element dielectric resonator MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling
- Conical dielectric resonator antenna for terahertz applications
- A multi-band planar antenna for biomedical applications
- Design and analysis of pentaband annular microstrip antenna using multiport network modeling
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Compact and novel coupled line microstrip bandpass filter based on stepped impedance resonators for millimetre-wave communications
- Design and development of rigid coaxial line based variable stub tuner
- Design of coaxial and waveguide couplers for helix TWT
- Experimental evaluation of line-of-sight multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission for sub-6 GHz carrier frequencies
- Bending and SAR analysis on UWB wearable MIMO antenna for on-arm WBAN applications
- Compact cross-shaped parasitic strip based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications
- A compact single element dielectric resonator MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling
- Conical dielectric resonator antenna for terahertz applications
- A multi-band planar antenna for biomedical applications
- Design and analysis of pentaband annular microstrip antenna using multiport network modeling
