Abstract
Who supports trade in the US Congress? We uncover the ideological space of trade voting, focusing on trade agreements and development policy as two fundamental cleavages around globalization. We then cluster members of Congress into coherent voting blocs, and identify the most pro-trade voting blocs in each Chamber. We find that these blocs: cross party lines; are ideologically heterogeneous; and are over-represented on the committees with jurisdiction over trade. We then examine two leading theories of Congressional voting – on constituency characteristics and campaign contributions – and find support for each using our learned voting blocs. Members of pro-trade blocs have defended their constituents’ and contributors’ interests by speaking out to confront the Trump administration’s protectionism. We conclude that unsupervised learning methods provide a valuable tool for exploring the multifaceted and dynamic divisions which characterize current debates over global economic integration.
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Supplementary Material
The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/for-2019-0035).
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- Frontmatter
- Introduction – January 2020 Volume of Forum
- Articles
- Trump’s Trade Revolution
- Pro-Trade Blocs in the US Congress
- Trump, Trade, and Immigration
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- How Have Members of Congress Reacted to President Trump’s Trade Policy?
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- The Counties that Counted: Could 2020 Repeat 2016 in the US Electoral College?
- It’s Trump’s Party and I’ll Cry if I Want To
- Book reviews
- Review of The Politics of Institutional Reform: Katrina, Education, and the Second Face of Power
- Review of The Meritocracy Trap: How America’s Foundational Myth Feeds Inequality, Dismantles the Middle Class, and Devours the Elite