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Going beyond motion events typology: The case of Basque as a verb-framed language

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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 10. November 2015
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Abstract

The concept of motion is present in all the world’s languages. However, the ways in which speakers of different languages codify motion do not seem to be so universal. Languages offer different types of structures to express motion, and speakers pay attention to different elements within the motion event. The goal of this paper is to examine in great detail how motion events are described and expressed in Basque oral and written narratives. This study focuses on three main areas: motion verbs, elaboration of Manner and elaboration of Path. Although Basque can be classified in Talmy’s terms as a verb-framed language, it is argued that it is not a prototypical example of this group with respect to the lexicalisation of Path. Unlike other verb-framed languages, the description of Path in Basque motion events is very frequent and detailed, not only in situations when it adds new information, but also in pleonastic cases. This characteristic seems to be related to Basque’s rich lexical resources for motion and space, as well as to its high tolerance for verb omission. On the basis of these data, the scope of Talmy’s binary typology is questioned. It is suggested that the verb- and satellite-framed language typology should be revised in order to account for these intra-typological differences.

Funding statement: Funding: Financial support for the research presented in this paper has been provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FFI2010-14903, FFI2013-45553-C3-1-P, MovEs project). I would also like to acknowledge the support and help I received from the International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley (USA), the Institute of Human Development at University of California, Berkeley (USA) and the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen (The Netherlands). Special thanks to Hubert Cuyckens for his careful reading and useful comments.

Abbreviations

3

third person

abl

ablative

abs

absolutive

adn

adpositional noun

all

allative

aux

auxiliary

ben

benefactive

com

comitative

comp

complementiser

cp

comparative

det

determiner

dir

directional allative

erg

ergative

evi

evidential

fut

future

gen

genitive

ger

gerund

goa

goal allative

hab

habitual

ide

ideophone

ins

instrument

loc

locative

par

partitive

pfv

perfective participle

pl

plural

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Revised: 2011-9-15
Revised: 2014-1-15
Accepted: 2011-12-26
Accepted: 2014-12-22
Published Online: 2015-11-10
Published in Print: 2015-11-1

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