ChatGPT 赋能产出导向型留学生口语课实证研究
-
Qi Li
李琦 , 首都师范大学在读博士研究生, 研究兴趣为第二语言习得、国际中文教育, 在《国际中文教育(中英文)》、《海外华文教育》等期刊上发表多篇论文。Qi Li , a Ph.D. candidate at Capital Normal University, has published many papers in journals such as International Chinese Language Education and Overseas Chinese Education.
提要
随着 ChatGPT、DeepSeek 等大语言模型的出现, 人类进入了通用人工智能 AI时代。这些技术能否对包括国际中文教育在内的第二语言教学产生影响呢?本文采用问卷调查、访谈等方式深入探讨了 ChatGPT 在产出导向型留学生口语课中的促学效果。研究表明: (一) 在口语课上正确、有效地使用 ChatGPT 能够激发学生语言学习的积极性, 提升学习效率, 增强课堂参与感。(二) ChatGPT 所发挥的“脚手架”作用对学生口语产出具有积极影响, 尤其在语言提升效果方面作用显著。(三) 学生对 ChatGPT 发布的指令任务展现出极高的好奇心和强烈的表达欲, 特别是个性化的促成活动设计极大地激发了学生对话题的兴趣和口语输出的积极性。此外, 文章还进一步发现, 恰当的产出目标与有效性促成活动有机融合, 能显著激发学生的学习内驱力, 具体表现为学习动力激发、投入度提高和对真实交际场景展现出积极的兴趣和欲望。最后, 文章对新手教师运用这一模型开展教学提供了新的思路。
Abstract
With the emergence of large language models such as ChatGPT and DeepSeek, humanity has entered the era of general artificial intelligence (AI). Can these technologies have an impact on second language teaching, including international Chinese education? This article uses methods such as questionnaires and interviews to deeply explore the learning promotion effect of ChatGPT in the output-oriented oral English class for international students. The research shows that: 1) correct and effective use of ChatGPT in oral English classes can stimulate students’ enthusiasm for language learning, improve learning efficiency, and enhance their sense of classroom participation; 2) the “scaffolding” role played by ChatGPT has a positive impact on students’ oral output, especially in terms of language improvement effects; and 3) students show a high level of curiosity and strong desire to express themselves towards the tasks and instructions issued by ChatGPT, and the personalized facilitation activity design greatly stimulates their interest in the topics and enthusiasm for oral output. In addition, the article further discovers that the organic integration of appropriate output goals and effective facilitation activities can significantly stimulate students’ intrinsic motivation for learning, specifically manifested as the stimulation of learning motivation, increased engagement, and positive interest and desire for real communication scenarios. Finally, the article provides new ideas for novice teachers to use this model in teaching.
About the author
李琦, 首都师范大学在读博士研究生, 研究兴趣为第二语言习得、国际中文教育, 在《国际中文教育(中英文)》、《海外华文教育》等期刊上发表多篇论文。
Qi Li, a Ph.D. candidate at Capital Normal University, has published many papers in journals such as International Chinese Language Education and Overseas Chinese Education.
参考文献 (References)
Bi, Zheng (毕争). 2017. POA jiaoxue cailiao yanjiu: pingjia chacnhu mubiao de dachengxing POA 教学材料研究: 评价产出目标的达成性 [Evaluating the attainment of productive objectives through the use of POA teaching materials]. Zhongguo Waiyu jiaoyu 中国外语教育 [Foreign Language Education in China] 10(02). 40–46+96–97.Suche in Google Scholar
Bi, Zheng (毕争). 2018. Chanchu daoxiang fa jiaoxue cailiao de shiyong linian yu shijian “产出导向法”教学材料的使用理念与实践 [Exploring the principles and practices of using the POA-based teaching materials]. Waiyu jiaoyu yanjiu qianyan 外语教育研究前沿 [Foreign Language Education in China] 1(01). 35–42+91.Suche in Google Scholar
Bi, Zheng (毕争). 2019. Chanchu daoxiang fa jiaoxue cailiao de shiyong de bianzheng yanjiu “产出导向法”教学材料使用的辩证研究 [Exploring the Use of POA-based Teaching Materials: Dialectical Research]. Xiandai waiyu 现代外语 [Modern Foreign Languages] 42(03). 397–406.Suche in Google Scholar
Bi, Zheng (毕争). 2020. Chanchu daoxiang fa lilun tixi de jiedu yu yingyong “产出导向法”理论体系的解读与应用 [Interpretation and Application of the Theoretical System for POA Use ]. Yingyu xuexi 英语学习 [English Language Learning](03). 6–9.Suche in Google Scholar
Cai, Wei (蔡微). 2023. ChatGPT huanjing xia de hanyu xuexi yu jiaoxue, ChatGPT 环境下的汉语学习与教学 [Learning and teaching Chinese in the ChatGPT context]. Yuyan Jiaoxue yu Yanjiu 语言教学与研究 [Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies](04). 13–23.Suche in Google Scholar
Cumming, Alister. 2017. Chanchu daoxiang fa yanjiu sheji yu fangxiang 产出导向法研究设计与方向. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 40(04). 459–463. https://doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2017-0028.Suche in Google Scholar
Deng, Hailong (邓海龙). 2018. Chanchu daoxiang fa yu renwu xing jiaoxuefa bijiao: linian, jiashe yu liucheng “产出导向法”与“任务型教学法”比较: 理念、假设与流程. Waiyu jiaoxue 外语教学 [Foreign language education] 39(03). 55–59.Suche in Google Scholar
Ellis, Rod. 2017. The production-oriented approach: Moving forward. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 4. 454–458. https://doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2017-0027.Suche in Google Scholar
Gu, Qizhang (顾琪). 2016. Chanchu daoxiang fa yu yingyu ketang renwen suzhi jiaoyu xiaolv tisheng yanjiu “产出导向法”与英语课堂人文素质教育效率提升研究. Jiaoyu pinglun 教育评论 [Education review] 2016(06). 139–141.Suche in Google Scholar
Gui, Jing & Ji Wei (桂靖、季薇). 2018a. “Chan chuChanchu daoxiang fa”zai dui wai Hanyu jiaoxue zhong de yingyong: jiaoxue cailiao gaibian 产出导向法”在对外汉语教学中的应用: 教学材料改编 [Adapting Teaching Materials for POA Use]. Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue 世界汉语教学 [Teaching Chinese in the World] 32(04). 546–554.Suche in Google Scholar
Gui, Jing. & Ji Wei (桂靖、季薇). 2018b. Chanchu daoxiang fa zai dui wai hanyu jiaoxue zhong de yingyong: jiaoxue cailiao gaibian. “产出导向法”在对外汉语教学中的应用: 教学材料改编. Shijie hanyu jiaoxue 世界汉语教学 [Teaching Chinese in the World] 32(04). 546–554.Suche in Google Scholar
Gui, Jing & Yong Zhu (桂靖、朱勇). 2020. ChanchuChanchu daoxiangxing hanyu jiaocai jiaoxue mubiao sheding de xingdong yanjiu 产出导向型汉语教材教学目标设定的行动研究 [An action research on the goal setting of Chinese textbooks of POA]. Duiwai Hanyu Yanjiu 对外汉语研究 [Studies of Chinese as a Foreign Language](02). 150–161.Suche in Google Scholar
Hyland, Ken. 2016. Methods and methodologies in second language writing research. System 59. 116–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2016.05.002.Suche in Google Scholar
Iris, Schaller-Schwaner. 2018. Production-oriented approach: A Chinese-specific method for foreign language teaching. Modern Foreign Languages(3). 348–358.Suche in Google Scholar
Ji, Wei, Jing Gui Gui & Zhu Yong Zhu (季薇、桂靖、朱勇). 2020. Chanchu daoxiang fa jiaoxue zhong shuru cucheng huanjie de sheji yu shishi “产出导向法”教学中输入促成环节的设计与实施 [The productive process of Chinese language teaching activities in the production-oriented approach]. Yuyan Jiaoxue yu Yanjiu 语言教学与研究 [Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies] 2020(03). 33–40.Suche in Google Scholar
Krashen, Stephen. 1980. The input hypothesis. In James E. Alatis (ed.), Current issues in Bilingual education, 168–180. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Li, Weiting (李维婷). 2022. Jiyu chanchu daoxiang fa de dui wai hanyu fanyi ke jiaoxue shijian ji youxiaoxing yanjiu 基于“产出导向法”的对外汉语翻译课教学实践及有效性研究. Guoji zhongwen jiaoyu 国际中文教育 (中英文) [International Chinese Language Education] 7(02). 76–83.Suche in Google Scholar
Liu, Luman, Yaming Wang & Caihua Xu (刘露蔓、王亚敏、徐彩华). 2020. Chanchu daoxiang fa zai haiwai hanyu zonghe ke jiaoxue zhong de youxiaoxing yanjiu “产出导向法”在海外汉语综合课教学中的有效性研究. Hanyu xuexi 汉语学习 [Chinese Language Learning] 2020(04). 87–97.Suche in Google Scholar
Liu, Chenchen. & Feng Yajing (刘琛琛、冯亚静). 2019. Jiyu chanchu daoxiang fa de riyu kouyi kecheng jiaoxue shijian 基于“产出导向法”的“日语口译”课程教学实践. Waiyu jiaoyu yanjiu qianyan 外语教育研究前沿 [Foreign Language Education in China] 2(04). 63–69+93.Suche in Google Scholar
Lu, Jianji (鲁健骥). 2019. Dui wai hayu jiaoxue de linian yu jiaoxue tixi: cong menglong dao qingxi, cong jiejian dao tansuo 对外汉语教学的理念与教学法体系 – 从朦胧到清晰, 从借鉴到探索. Guoji hanyu jiaoxue yanjiu 国际汉语教学研究 [Journal of International Chinese Teaching] 2019(04). 41–51.Suche in Google Scholar
Lu, Wenxia & Zhu Yong (鲁文霞、朱勇). 2021. ChanchuChanchuChanchu daoxiangxing hanyu kouyu jiaoxue zhong de qudong huanjie yanjiu 产出导向型汉语口语教学中的驱动环节研究 [Research of Motivating Phase in Production-oriented Chinese Teaching]. Shijie Hanyu hanyu Jiaoxuejiaoxue 世界汉语教学 [Teaching Chinese in the World] 35(03). 422–431.Suche in Google Scholar
Matsuda, Paul Kai. 2017. Some thoughts on the production oriented approach. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 40(4). 468–469. https://doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2017-0030.Suche in Google Scholar
Polio, Charlene. 2017. Second language writing development: A research agenda. Language Teaching 50(2). 261–275. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0261444817000015.Suche in Google Scholar
Shao, Ying (邵颖). 2019. Jiyu chanchu daoxiang fa de malaiyu jiaocai gaibian: qudong huanjie sheji 基于“产出导向法”的马来语教材改编: 驱动环节设计. Waiyu yu waiyu jiaoxue 外语与外语教学 [Foreign Languages and Their Teaching] 2019(01). 25–32+145.Suche in Google Scholar
Sun, Shuguang (孙曙光). 2019. Jiyu chanchu daoxiang fa de shisheng hezuo pingjia yanjiu: yi xiezuo huodong wei li 基于产出导向法的师生合作评价研究 – 以写作活动为例. Beijing: Beijing Foreign Studies University dissertation.Suche in Google Scholar
Sun, Lixuan. & Adelina Asmawi. 2023. The effect of WeChat-based instruction on Chinese EFL undergraduates’ business English writing performance. International Journal of Instruction 16(1). 43–60. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2023.1613a.Suche in Google Scholar
Wang, Bo (汪波). 2019. Chanchu daoxiang fa zai daxue chaoxianyu zhuanye di nianji yufa jiaoxue zhong de yingyong “产出导向法”在大学朝鲜语专业低年级语法教学中的应用. Waiyu yu waiyu jiaoxue 外语与外语教学 [Foreign Languages and Their Teaching](01). 9–16+144.Suche in Google Scholar
Wang, Yu, Wanyi Du, Chunyue Zhou & Hui Liu (王宇、杜宛宜、周纯岳、刘辉). 2019. Jiyu chanchu daoxiang fa de gongke ESP kecheng jiaoxue sheji kuangjia 基于产出导向法的工科 ESP 课程教学设计框架. Waiyu jiaoyu yanjiu qianyan 外语教育研究前沿 [Foreign Language Education in China] 2(01). 44–52+88–89.Suche in Google Scholar
Wang, Lun. & Jingyi Sun. 2021. Application of production-oriented approach in English teaching. Higher Education of Social Science 21(1). 1–10.Suche in Google Scholar
Wen, Qiufang (文秋芳). 2015. Goujian“chan chuChanchu daoxiang fa”lilun tixi 构建“产出导向法”理论体系 [Developing a theoretical system of production-oriented approach in language teaching]. WaiYu Jiaoxue yu Yanjiu 外语教学与研究 [Foreign Language Teaching And Research] 47(04). 547–558.Suche in Google Scholar
Wen, Qiu Fang. 2016. The production-oriented approach to teaching university students English in China. Language Teaching 4. 526–540. https://doi.org/10.1017/s026144481600001x.Suche in Google Scholar
Wen, Qiu Fang. 2017. The production-oriented approach: A pedagogical innovation in university English teaching in China. In Lillian Wong & Ken Hyland (eds.), Faces of English education: Students, teachers, and pedagogy, 91–106. London: Routledge.Suche in Google Scholar
Wen, Qiufang (文秋芳). 2017a. “Chanchu daoxiang fa”de zhongguo tese “产出导向法”的中国特色[Chinese features displayed in the production-oriented approach]. Xiandai Waiyu 现代外语 [Modern Foreign Languages] 40(03). 348–358.Suche in Google Scholar
Wen, Qiufang (文秋芳). 2017b. “Chanchu daoxiang fa”jiaoxue cailiao shiyong yu pingjia lilun kuangjia “产出导向法”教学材料使用与评价理论框架 [A theoretical framework for using and evaluating POA-based teaching materials]. Zhongguo Waiyu Jiaoyu 中国外语教育 [Foreign Language Education in China] 10(02). 17–23.Suche in Google Scholar
Wen, Qiufang(文秋芳). 2018. “Chanchu daoxiang fa”yu dui wai hanyu jiaoxue “产出导向法”与对外汉语教学 [Production-oriented Approach in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language]. Shijie Hhanyu Jiaoxuejiaoxue 世界汉语教学 [Teaching Chinese in the World] 32(03). 387–400.Suche in Google Scholar
Wen, Qiufang & Maocheng Liang (文秋芳、梁茂成). 2024. Ren ji hudong xieshang nengli: ChatGPT yu waiyu jiaoyu 人机互动协商能力: ChatGPT与外语教育 [Human-AI interactive negotiation competence: ChatGPT and foreign language education]. Waiyu Jiaxue jiaxue yu Yanjiuyanjiu 外语教学与研究 [Foreign Language Teaching And Research] 56(02). 286–296.Suche in Google Scholar
Zhang, Lingli (张伶俐). 2017a. Chanchu daoxiang fa de jiaoxue youxiaoxing yanjiu “产出导向法”的教学有效性研究. Xiandai waiyu 现代外语 [Modern Foreign Languages] 40(03). 369–376+438.Suche in Google Scholar
Zhang, Wenjuan (张文娟). 2015. Xue yi zhi yong、yong yi cu xue – Chanchu daoxiang fa cucheng huanjie de ketang jiaoxue changshi 学以致用、用以促学 – 产出导向法“促成”环节的课堂教学尝试 [“Enabling” students’ production to enable students’ language development: Applying production-oriented approach to TEFL classroom]. Zhongguo Waiyu waiyu Jiaoyujiaoyu 中国外语教育 [Foreign Language Education in China] 8(04). 10–17+105.Suche in Google Scholar
Zhang, Wenjuan (张文娟). 2017b. Chanchu daoxiang fa dui daxue yingyu xiezuo yingxiang de shiyan yanjiu “产出导向法”对大学英语写作影响的实验研究. Xiandai waiyu 现代外语 [Modern Foreign Languages] 40(03). 377–385+438–439.Suche in Google Scholar
Zhu, Yong (朱勇). 2021. Xitonghua shijiao: Xin jiaofa yu xin jiaocai 系统化视角: 新教法与新教材. Guoji zhongwen jiaoyu 国际中文教育 (中英文) [International Chinese Language Education] 6(04). 69–75.Suche in Google Scholar
Zhu, Yong, & Bai Xue (朱勇、白雪). 2019. “ChanchuChanchuChanchu daoxiang fa”zai dui wai hanyu jiaoxue zhong de yingyong: chanchuChanchuChanchu mubiao dachengxing kaocha “产出导向法”在对外汉语教学中的应用: 产出目标达成性考察 [Evaluating the Attainment of Productive Objectives through the Use of POA Teaching Materials]. Shijie Hanyu hanyu Jiaoxuejiaoxue 世界汉语教学 [Teaching Chinese in the World] 33(01). 95–103.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Papers in English
- The type, motive, and function of swear words: a sociolinguistic analysis of Khek Chinese language in Bangka
- A corpus-based study of semantic prosody in ràng and shǐ constructions
- Task-based language teaching for Chinese as a foreign language: a qualitative research synthesis
- Papers in Chinese
- 高文化负载词在二语习得中构成的“阻力区”探究 – 以教授法国学习者汉语亲属称谓语及其泛化使用为例
- 现代汉语时间副词的意义和范围
- ChatGPT 赋能产出导向型留学生口语课实证研究
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Papers in English
- The type, motive, and function of swear words: a sociolinguistic analysis of Khek Chinese language in Bangka
- A corpus-based study of semantic prosody in ràng and shǐ constructions
- Task-based language teaching for Chinese as a foreign language: a qualitative research synthesis
- Papers in Chinese
- 高文化负载词在二语习得中构成的“阻力区”探究 – 以教授法国学习者汉语亲属称谓语及其泛化使用为例
- 现代汉语时间副词的意义和范围
- ChatGPT 赋能产出导向型留学生口语课实证研究
