Obligations de travail dans les économies palatiales du Bronze récent: Cas d’études à Ougarit et dans les palais mycéniens

Françoise Rougemont; Juan-Pablo Vita

doi:10.1515/aofo-2021-0009

Article

Obligations de travail dans les économies palatiales du Bronze récent

Cas d’études à Ougarit et dans les palais mycéniens

Françoise Rougemont and Juan-Pablo Vita

Published/Copyright: June 12, 2021

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From the journal Altorientalische Forschungen Volume 48 Issue 1

Abstract

Palatial economic archives from various regions — from the Aegean world to Mesopotamia — and from various periods of the Bronze Age, attest to the use by palatial administrations of procedures in which workers were obliged to perform a task, whether craft or agricultural, on behalf of the palace. This article examines the possibility that such a procedure existed also in Ugarit, since a group of administrative texts relating to metals appear comparable to these systems of work-assignments. The material from Ugarit and the conclusions reached allow, then, a comparison with the system of work-assignment attested in the Mycenaean texts and called ta-ra-si-ja. Mycenaean and Ugaritic documentations present typological, structural and chronological analogies, which add to the interest of the comparison.

Keywords : Ugarit; Pylos; Knossos; Mycenae; work-assignment; ta-ra-si-ja ; iškaru ; metal working; administrative texts

Remerciements

Cet article est le produit du projet « Bureaucracy and Administrative Procedures in the Syrian Kingdom of Ugarit (14th to 12th centuries B.C.) » (FFI2015–67357–P) (MINECO/FEDER, UE), financé par le Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad au sein du Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación (I+D+I) [J.-P.Vita], ainsi que du projet collectif « Palais de l’âge du Bronze en Egée et en Orient » de l’UMR 7041 du CNRS [Fr. Rougemont]. Une version préliminaire de cette étude a été présentée par les auteurs le 12 juillet 2019 à l’atelier « Artéfacts, Artisans et Techniques. Nouvelles approches contextuelles sur la culture matérielle au Proche-Orient ancien », organisée dans le cadre de la 65e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale (Paris, Collège de France). Les auteurs remercient M. Del Freo qui a bien voulu relire une version préliminaire de ce texte et l’a considérablement amélioré ; K.M. McGeough qui a évalué l’article pour la revue Altorientalische Forschungen, et dont les remarques ont permis d’améliorer plusieurs aspects traités dans notre texte, ainsi que P. Darcque, qui nous a autorisés à reproduire son plan de Pylos, et Valérie Matoïan qui nous a fourni les illustrations relatives à Ougarit et autorisés à les publier.

Abréviations

Les abréviations utilisées sont celles du Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie. Noter les additions suivantes :

DMIC Aura Jorro, F. (1985–1993) : Diccionario griego-micénico, Madrid.

Documents¹ Ventris, M./J. Chadwick (1956) : Documents in Mycenaean Greek, Cambridge.

Documents² Ventris, M./J. Chadwick (1973) : Documents in Mycenaean Greek, 2^ème édition, Cambridge.

PTT² Olivier, J.-P./M. Del Freo (2020) : The Pylos Tablets Transcribed, 2^ème édition, Padoue.

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Keywords for this article

Ugarit; Pylos; Knossos; Mycenae; work-assignment; ta-ra-si-ja; iškaru; metal working; administrative texts