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The combined effect of maternal smoking and obesity on the risk of preeclampsia

  • Christian D. Stone , Ousmane Diallo , Jaye Shyken and Terry Leet
Published/Copyright: February 21, 2007
Journal of Perinatal Medicine
From the journal Volume 35 Issue 1

Abstract

Aims: Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of preeclampsia, whereas obesity increases the risk of preeclampsia. We sought to assess the combined effect of smoking and obesity on the risk of preeclampsia.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of 129,674 women who delivered singleton infants during 2000–2001. Data for cigarette use, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), preeclampsia, and potential confounders were obtained from birth certificate files. Mantel-Haenszel stratified analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.

Results: The preeclampsia risk was 3.1, 4.5, 7.6 and 8.8% for normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), obese (30.0–39.9) and morbidly obese (≥40.0 kg/m2) women, respectively, who smoked cigarettes while pregnant. The preeclampsia risk was 3.9, 6.2, 9.0 and 12.3% for the same groups of women, respectively, who did not smoke during their pregnancy. Compared to non-smokers, the relative risk of preeclampsia for women who smoked cigarettes was 0.78 (95% confidence interval 0.73–0.83) before and after adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI and other factors associated with preeclampsia.

Conclusion: The risk of preeclampsia is lower for women who smoke cigarettes while pregnant regardless of their pre-pregnancy BMI.

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Published Online: 2007-02-21
Published in Print: 2007-02-01

©2007 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York

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