Effect of water on wood liquefaction and the properties of phenolated wood
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Seung-Hwan Lee
Abstract
The effects of water on wood liquefaction were investigated under various reaction conditions: reaction temperature, time, and wood/phenol weight ratio. Although the addition of water decreased the reaction temperature and reduced the liquefaction rate and combined phenol content of the resulting phenolated wood, residue of <20% and a combined phenol content of >95% were obtained by controlling the reaction conditions. The addition of water suppressed an increase in the combined phenol content and molecular weight by a recondensation reaction observed in liquefaction in the absence of water under the same reaction conditions. Phenolated wood obtained in the presence of water showed comparable thermoflow properties and slightly higher activation energy for cure when compared with phenolated wood obtained in the absence of water. Moldings from both phenolated woods showed comparable flexural properties to those of moldings from commercial Novolak resin.
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©2005 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Species index (scientific names)
- Subject Index
- Acknowledgement
- Author Index
- Ultrastructural changes in a holocellulose pulp revealed by enzymes, thermoporosimetry and atomic force microscopy
- Development of wet strength additives from wheat gluten
- Characterization of electrolyzed magnesium spent-sulfite liquor
- Molecular weight-functional group relations in softwood residual kraft lignins
- Structure-activity relationships of cadinane-type sesquiterpene derivatives against wood-decay fungi
- Effect of water on wood liquefaction and the properties of phenolated wood
- Effect of wood species and molecular weight of phenolic resins on curing behavior and bonding development
- Contact-free measurement and non-linear finite element analyses of strain distribution along wood adhesive bonds
- Comparison between HT-dried and LT-dried spruce timber in terms of shape and dimensional stability
- Physical properties of earlywood and latewood of Pinus radiata D. Don: Anisotropic shrinkage, equilibrium moisture content and fibre saturation point
- Effect of stress levels on compressive low-cycle fatigue behaviour of softwood
- Comparison of morphological and chemical properties between juvenile wood and compression wood of loblolly pine
- Ultrastructure of commercial recycled pulp fibers for the production of packaging paper
- Oxalate regulation by two brown rot fungi decaying oxalate-amended and non-amended wood
- Pine and spruce roundwood species classification using multivariate image analysis on bark
- Detection and species discrimination using rDNA T-RFLP for identification of wood decay fungi
- Personalia
- Award presentation on the occasion of the 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry, May 16–19, 2005, Auckland, New Zealand
- NMR studies on Fraser fir Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. Lignins
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Species index (scientific names)
- Subject Index
- Acknowledgement
- Author Index
- Ultrastructural changes in a holocellulose pulp revealed by enzymes, thermoporosimetry and atomic force microscopy
- Development of wet strength additives from wheat gluten
- Characterization of electrolyzed magnesium spent-sulfite liquor
- Molecular weight-functional group relations in softwood residual kraft lignins
- Structure-activity relationships of cadinane-type sesquiterpene derivatives against wood-decay fungi
- Effect of water on wood liquefaction and the properties of phenolated wood
- Effect of wood species and molecular weight of phenolic resins on curing behavior and bonding development
- Contact-free measurement and non-linear finite element analyses of strain distribution along wood adhesive bonds
- Comparison between HT-dried and LT-dried spruce timber in terms of shape and dimensional stability
- Physical properties of earlywood and latewood of Pinus radiata D. Don: Anisotropic shrinkage, equilibrium moisture content and fibre saturation point
- Effect of stress levels on compressive low-cycle fatigue behaviour of softwood
- Comparison of morphological and chemical properties between juvenile wood and compression wood of loblolly pine
- Ultrastructure of commercial recycled pulp fibers for the production of packaging paper
- Oxalate regulation by two brown rot fungi decaying oxalate-amended and non-amended wood
- Pine and spruce roundwood species classification using multivariate image analysis on bark
- Detection and species discrimination using rDNA T-RFLP for identification of wood decay fungi
- Personalia
- Award presentation on the occasion of the 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry, May 16–19, 2005, Auckland, New Zealand
- NMR studies on Fraser fir Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. Lignins