Characterization of electrolyzed magnesium spent-sulfite liquor
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Okko Ringena
Abstract
Spent sulfite liquor derived from magnesium bisulfite pulping of beech was electrolyzed in a pilot-plantelectrolysis cell. During the electrochemical treatment (125 mA cm−2; 60°C; 180 min), desalination of the anolyte took place and the magnesium concentration was reduced to approximately 60%. In addition, the pH decreased from 5 to 1. Three differently treated liquors (SSL pH 5; SSLe pH 2.5; SSLe pH 1) were chosen for further analysis. The average molar mass of the fractions was determined by size exclusion chromatography. Extended electrolysis time increased the molar mass of the lignosulfonates (Mw: SSL pH 5, 5700 g mol−1; SSLe pH 2.5, 6500 g mol−1; SSLe pH 1, 7400 g mol−1). The content of phenolic hydroxyl and sulfonic acid groups did not undergo significant changes. Nevertheless, lignosulfonates obtained after electrolysis showed higher charge densities than the unmodified product (SSL pH 5, 1590 μeq g−1; SSLe pH 2.5, 1760 μeq g−1; SSLe pH 1, 1920 μeq g−1). Separation of the liquors into five fractions was performed using four ultrafiltration membranes (100, 50, 10 and 1 kDa). This allowed detailed structural analysis of high- and low-molar-mass lignosulfonate fractions in terms of the modifications induced by electrolysis.
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©2005 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Species index (scientific names)
- Subject Index
- Acknowledgement
- Author Index
- Ultrastructural changes in a holocellulose pulp revealed by enzymes, thermoporosimetry and atomic force microscopy
- Development of wet strength additives from wheat gluten
- Characterization of electrolyzed magnesium spent-sulfite liquor
- Molecular weight-functional group relations in softwood residual kraft lignins
- Structure-activity relationships of cadinane-type sesquiterpene derivatives against wood-decay fungi
- Effect of water on wood liquefaction and the properties of phenolated wood
- Effect of wood species and molecular weight of phenolic resins on curing behavior and bonding development
- Contact-free measurement and non-linear finite element analyses of strain distribution along wood adhesive bonds
- Comparison between HT-dried and LT-dried spruce timber in terms of shape and dimensional stability
- Physical properties of earlywood and latewood of Pinus radiata D. Don: Anisotropic shrinkage, equilibrium moisture content and fibre saturation point
- Effect of stress levels on compressive low-cycle fatigue behaviour of softwood
- Comparison of morphological and chemical properties between juvenile wood and compression wood of loblolly pine
- Ultrastructure of commercial recycled pulp fibers for the production of packaging paper
- Oxalate regulation by two brown rot fungi decaying oxalate-amended and non-amended wood
- Pine and spruce roundwood species classification using multivariate image analysis on bark
- Detection and species discrimination using rDNA T-RFLP for identification of wood decay fungi
- Personalia
- Award presentation on the occasion of the 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry, May 16–19, 2005, Auckland, New Zealand
- NMR studies on Fraser fir Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. Lignins
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Species index (scientific names)
- Subject Index
- Acknowledgement
- Author Index
- Ultrastructural changes in a holocellulose pulp revealed by enzymes, thermoporosimetry and atomic force microscopy
- Development of wet strength additives from wheat gluten
- Characterization of electrolyzed magnesium spent-sulfite liquor
- Molecular weight-functional group relations in softwood residual kraft lignins
- Structure-activity relationships of cadinane-type sesquiterpene derivatives against wood-decay fungi
- Effect of water on wood liquefaction and the properties of phenolated wood
- Effect of wood species and molecular weight of phenolic resins on curing behavior and bonding development
- Contact-free measurement and non-linear finite element analyses of strain distribution along wood adhesive bonds
- Comparison between HT-dried and LT-dried spruce timber in terms of shape and dimensional stability
- Physical properties of earlywood and latewood of Pinus radiata D. Don: Anisotropic shrinkage, equilibrium moisture content and fibre saturation point
- Effect of stress levels on compressive low-cycle fatigue behaviour of softwood
- Comparison of morphological and chemical properties between juvenile wood and compression wood of loblolly pine
- Ultrastructure of commercial recycled pulp fibers for the production of packaging paper
- Oxalate regulation by two brown rot fungi decaying oxalate-amended and non-amended wood
- Pine and spruce roundwood species classification using multivariate image analysis on bark
- Detection and species discrimination using rDNA T-RFLP for identification of wood decay fungi
- Personalia
- Award presentation on the occasion of the 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry, May 16–19, 2005, Auckland, New Zealand
- NMR studies on Fraser fir Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. Lignins
