On-line study of lignin behaviour in dilute alkaline solution by the SEC-UV method
-
Abstract
The dynamic method for monitoring ionisation of the lignin functional groups in a 0.1 N NaOH solution at ambient temperature by means of the SEC technique with multiwave UV detection was performed. An increase in absorbance at 210, 278, 304, 320 and 350 nm was examined to reveal the ionisation dynamics in respect to functional groups’ acidity; that is, carboxyl groups, carbonyl- and double-bond conjugated phenol hydroxyls. A distinctive response of absorbance at 210 and 278 nm on the ionisation of carbonyl- and double-bond-conjugated phenols was found. Simultaneous characterisation of lignin by molecular weight (MW) and chemical heterogeneity was performed. A non-uniform distribution of reactive sites over the MW distribution for commercial kraft lignin (Curan) was found employing the family of chemical composition distribution curves. The redistribution of extended chromophore structures over time along the lignin’s MW distribution causes a misrepresentation of the UV chromatogram pattern and influences the accuracy of MW values.
References
Aliev, R.G., Burov, A.V., Rusakov, A.E. (1990) Study of the molecular mass characteristics of lignin isolated in the process of organosolv treatment of birch wood. Khimiya drevesiny (Wood Chemistry)3:45–49.Search in Google Scholar
Bikova, T., Treimanis, A. (2002a) Ability of HP SEC method in monitoring of kraft delignification process. Proc. Control Systems 2002, Stockholm, Sweden. pp. 249–252.Search in Google Scholar
Bikova, T., Treimanis, A. (2002b) Multi-wave UV/VIS detection in SEC analysis of lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complex structure. Proc. 7th EWLP, 26–29 August, Turku/Abo, Finland. pp. 209–212.Search in Google Scholar
Bikova, T., Eremeeva, T., Klevinska, V., Treimanis, A. (2000a) An approach to the study of residual lignin in kraft pulp. Proc. 6th EWLP, Bordeaux, France. pp. 227–230.Search in Google Scholar
Bikova, T., Klevinska, V., Treimanis, A. (2000b) Monitoring of lignin and hemicelluloses in spent cooking liquor. Holzforschung54:66–70.10.1515/HF.2000.010Search in Google Scholar
Bikova, T., Klevinska, V., Eremeeva, T., Treimanis, A. (2001) Study on alkali-accessible chromophores from unbleached kraft pulp. Holzforschung55:554–558.10.1515/HF.2001.089Search in Google Scholar
Blazej, A., Šuty, L. Vegetable phenol components. Mir, Moscow, 1977.Search in Google Scholar
Bogolitsyn, K.G., Khabarov, Yu. (1985) UV-spectroscopy of lignin. Review. Khimiya drevesiny (Wood Chemistry)6:3–29.Search in Google Scholar
Bogolitsyn, K.G., Lindberg, J. (1986) The estimation of the OH-acidity of the model compounds of lignin structural link of the derivative UV-spectroscopy. Khimiya drevesiny (Wood Chemistry)4:56–60.Search in Google Scholar
Bogolitsyn, K.G., Reznikov, V.M. Chemistry of sulphite methods of wood delignification. Ecologiya, Moscow, 1994.Search in Google Scholar
Chum, H., Johnson, L., Tucker, M., Himmel, H. (1987) Some aspects of lignin characterisation by high performance size exclusion chromatography using styrene divinylbenzene copolymer gels. Holzforschung41:97–108.10.1515/hfsg.1987.41.2.97Search in Google Scholar
Furman, G.S., Lonsky, W.F.W. (1988) Charge-transfer complexes in kraft lignin. J. Wood Chem. Technol.8:165–208.10.1080/02773818808070678Search in Google Scholar
Gärtner, A., Gellerstedt, G., Tamminen, T. (1999) Determination of phenolic hydroxyl groups in residual lignin using a modified UV-method. Nordic Pulp Paper Res. J.14:163–170.10.3183/npprj-1999-14-02-p163-170Search in Google Scholar
Gellerstedt, G., Lindfors, L. (1984) Structural changes in lignin during kraft cooking. 4. Phenolic hydroxyl groups in wood and kraft pulps. Svensk Papperstidn.15:R115–R118.Search in Google Scholar
Gierer, G., Imsgard, F. (1977) The reactions of lignins with oxygen and hydrogen peroxide in alkaline media. Svensk Papperstidn.80:510–518.Search in Google Scholar
Hortling, B., Kokkonen, P. (2001) Preparative GPC as a tool in characterization of lignocellulosics materials. Proc. Postsymp., 11th Int. Symp. Wood and Pulping Chem., 18–19 June 2001, Grenoble, France. pp. 99–102.Search in Google Scholar
Jakobsons, J., Novikovs, A., Erinš, P. (1992) High temperature steam autohydrolysis of wood components. 3. Gel permeation chromatography of autohydrolysis lignin and pseudolignin. Wood Chemistry6:65–69.Search in Google Scholar
Lin, S.Y. (1982) Derivative ultraviolet spectroscopy of lignin and lignin model compounds – A new analytical technique. Svensk Papperstidn.85:R162–R171.Search in Google Scholar
Mlynar, J., Kolar, J. (1988) Gel chromatography of lignin and lignin model compounds on the Separon HEMA 1000 BIO column. Papir a celuloza43(3):V22–V24.Search in Google Scholar
Nefedov, P.P., Rusakov, A.E., Ivanov, M.A., Scherbakova, A.D., Lazareva, M.A., Zakharov, V.I. (1981) Polyelectrolyte effects during exclusion chromatography of lignin, lignin-carbohydrate complex and polysaccharides. Khimija drevesiny (Wood Chemistry)4:66–72.Search in Google Scholar
Norgen, M., Lindström, B. (2000) Physico-chemical characterization of a fractionated kraft lignin. Holzforschung54:528–534.10.1515/HF.2000.089Search in Google Scholar
Pasco, F., Suckling, I.D. (1998) Chromophore changes during oxygen delignification of a radiata pine kraft pulp. Appita J.52:138–136.Search in Google Scholar
Pellinen, J., Salkinoja-Salonen, M. (1985) Aqueous size exclusion chromatography of industrial lignins. J. Chromatogr.322:129–138.10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97665-4Search in Google Scholar
Sarkanen, S., Teller, D.C., Stevens, C.R., McCarty, J.L. (1984) Lignin. 20. Associative interactions between kraft lignin components. Macromol.17:2588–2597.Search in Google Scholar
Tamminen, T., Sipilä, J. (2001) Determination of phenolic hydroxyl groups by UV-spectroscopy. Proc. Post-symp. 11th Int. Symp. Wood and Pulping Chem., 18–19 June 2001, Grenoble, France. pp. 27–30.Search in Google Scholar
Wong, K.K.Y., de Jong, E. (1996) Size-exclusion chromatography of lignin- and carbohydrate-containing samples using alkaline eluents. J. Chromatogr. A 737:193–203.Search in Google Scholar
Zakis, G.F. Functional analysis of lignins and their derivatives. TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta GA, 1994.Search in Google Scholar
© Walter de Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- The effects of initial spacing on wood density, fibre and pulp properties in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)
- An improved procedure for isolation of residual lignins from hardwood kraft pulps
- Small angle scattering in the Porod region from hydrated paper sheets at varying humidities
- Application of confocal Raman spectroscopy for the topochemical distribution of lignin and cellulose in plant cell walls of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) compared to UV microspectrophotometry
- UV-microscopic analysis of acetylated spruce and birch cell walls
- On-line study of lignin behaviour in dilute alkaline solution by the SEC-UV method
- Extracellular diffusion pathway for heartwood substances in Albizia julibrissin Durazz.
- New glucosides from Eucalyptus globulus wood, bark and kraft pulps
- Nondestructive characterization of wood by monitoring of local elastic anisotropy and dynamic nonlinearity
- Chemical reaction of maritime pine sapwood (Pinus pinaster Soland) with alkoxysilane molecules: A study of chemical pathways
- Thermal forming of chemically modified wood to make high-performance plastic-like wood composites
- Eco-composite from poly(lactic acid) and bamboo fiber
- Bamboo fiber (BF)-filled poly(butylenes succinate) bio-composite – Effect of BF-e-MA on the properties and crystallization kinetics
- Dimensional changes in Corsican pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) modified with acetic anhydride measured using a helium pycnometer
- Microwave-enhanced release of formaldehyde from plywood
- Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part 1: Changes in wettability
- Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part 2: Color change
- Inhibition of fungal degradation of wood by 2-hydroxypyridine-N-oxide
- Microwave treatment to accelerate fixation of copper-ethanolamine (Cu-EA) treated wood
Articles in the same Issue
- The effects of initial spacing on wood density, fibre and pulp properties in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)
- An improved procedure for isolation of residual lignins from hardwood kraft pulps
- Small angle scattering in the Porod region from hydrated paper sheets at varying humidities
- Application of confocal Raman spectroscopy for the topochemical distribution of lignin and cellulose in plant cell walls of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) compared to UV microspectrophotometry
- UV-microscopic analysis of acetylated spruce and birch cell walls
- On-line study of lignin behaviour in dilute alkaline solution by the SEC-UV method
- Extracellular diffusion pathway for heartwood substances in Albizia julibrissin Durazz.
- New glucosides from Eucalyptus globulus wood, bark and kraft pulps
- Nondestructive characterization of wood by monitoring of local elastic anisotropy and dynamic nonlinearity
- Chemical reaction of maritime pine sapwood (Pinus pinaster Soland) with alkoxysilane molecules: A study of chemical pathways
- Thermal forming of chemically modified wood to make high-performance plastic-like wood composites
- Eco-composite from poly(lactic acid) and bamboo fiber
- Bamboo fiber (BF)-filled poly(butylenes succinate) bio-composite – Effect of BF-e-MA on the properties and crystallization kinetics
- Dimensional changes in Corsican pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) modified with acetic anhydride measured using a helium pycnometer
- Microwave-enhanced release of formaldehyde from plywood
- Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part 1: Changes in wettability
- Artificial weathering of tropical woods. Part 2: Color change
- Inhibition of fungal degradation of wood by 2-hydroxypyridine-N-oxide
- Microwave treatment to accelerate fixation of copper-ethanolamine (Cu-EA) treated wood
