Lignans and Lipophilic Extractives in Norway Spruce Knots and Stemwood
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S. Willför
Summary
The hydrophilic and lipophilic extractives in the heartwood of knots from 7 Norway spruce trees were analysed by GC, GC-MS and HPSEC. The knots contained extremely large amounts of lignans, 6–24% (w/w), with hydroxymatairesinol comprising 65–85% of the lignans. Even the knots of the young trees contained 4–8% (w/w) of lignans. The variation in the amount of lignans was large among knots, both within a single tree and between trees. In addition to the lignans, knots also contained 2–6% (w/w) of a complex mixture of lignan-like compounds with 3, 4 and even up to 6 phenyl propane units, here called oligolignans. The amounts of lignans in the knots were similar in the radial direction from the pith into the outer branch, but decreased dramatically outwards in the branch, almost disappearing after 10–20 cm. The ratio of the 2 epimers of hydroxymatairesinol differed between different knots and even within the knot. A new spruce lignan, nortrachelogenin, or its enantiomer, wikstromol, was detected in knots from trees in northern Finland as opposed to samples from southern Finland. The amount of lipophilic extractives was small compared to the amount of hydrophilic extractives in the knots. Five of the dead knots contained more resin acids and free diterpenyl alcohols than ordinary stemwood. In the other knots, the amount of lipophilic extractives was on the same level as stem heartwood. The stem sapwood contained larger amounts of esterified fatty acids than the knots.
Copyright © 2003 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
Articles in the same Issue
- The Relationship Between Variability of Cell Wall Mass of Earlywood and Latewood Tracheids in Larch Tree-Rings, the Rate of Tree-Ring Growth and Climatic Changes
- How Variability in OSB Mechanical Properties Affects Biological Durability Testing
- Microfibril Angles Inside and Outside Crossfields of Norway Spruce Tracheids
- Reactivity of a Fungal Laccase Towards Lignin in Softwood Kraft Pulp
- Lignans and Lipophilic Extractives in Norway Spruce Knots and Stemwood
- Investigation of Lignin Oligomers Using Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry
- Reactions of Lignin with Peroxymonophosphoric Acid: The Degradation of Lignin Model Compounds
- The Reactions of Lignin Model Compounds with Hydrogen Peroxide at Low pH
- Spin Distribution in Dehydrogenated Coniferyl Alcohol and Associated Dilignol Radicals
- Ultrastructural Localisation of Glucomannan in Kraft Pulp Fibres
- New Method for Quantitative Preparation of Lignin- Carbohydrate Complex from Unbleached Softwood Kraft Pulp: Lignin-Polysaccharide Networks I
- Peroxide Bleaching of Parquet Blocks and Glue Lams
- Easily Degradable Chlorinated Compounds Derived from Glucuronoxylan in Filtrates from Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching of Eucalyptus globulus Kraft Pulp
- Non-Deterministic Description of Wood Radio Frequency Vacuum Drying
- Bending Creep of High-Temperature Dried Spruce Timber
- Optimization of a Violin Top with a Combined Laminate Theory and Honeycomb Model of Wood
- Optimisation of Soda Pulping Variables for Preparation of Dissolving Pulps from Oil Palm Fibre
Articles in the same Issue
- The Relationship Between Variability of Cell Wall Mass of Earlywood and Latewood Tracheids in Larch Tree-Rings, the Rate of Tree-Ring Growth and Climatic Changes
- How Variability in OSB Mechanical Properties Affects Biological Durability Testing
- Microfibril Angles Inside and Outside Crossfields of Norway Spruce Tracheids
- Reactivity of a Fungal Laccase Towards Lignin in Softwood Kraft Pulp
- Lignans and Lipophilic Extractives in Norway Spruce Knots and Stemwood
- Investigation of Lignin Oligomers Using Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry
- Reactions of Lignin with Peroxymonophosphoric Acid: The Degradation of Lignin Model Compounds
- The Reactions of Lignin Model Compounds with Hydrogen Peroxide at Low pH
- Spin Distribution in Dehydrogenated Coniferyl Alcohol and Associated Dilignol Radicals
- Ultrastructural Localisation of Glucomannan in Kraft Pulp Fibres
- New Method for Quantitative Preparation of Lignin- Carbohydrate Complex from Unbleached Softwood Kraft Pulp: Lignin-Polysaccharide Networks I
- Peroxide Bleaching of Parquet Blocks and Glue Lams
- Easily Degradable Chlorinated Compounds Derived from Glucuronoxylan in Filtrates from Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching of Eucalyptus globulus Kraft Pulp
- Non-Deterministic Description of Wood Radio Frequency Vacuum Drying
- Bending Creep of High-Temperature Dried Spruce Timber
- Optimization of a Violin Top with a Combined Laminate Theory and Honeycomb Model of Wood
- Optimisation of Soda Pulping Variables for Preparation of Dissolving Pulps from Oil Palm Fibre
