Both core and terminal glycosylation alter epitope expression in thyrotropin and introduce discordances in hormone measurements

References

1 Szkudlinski MW, Fremont V, Ronin C, Weintraub BD. Thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor structure-function relationships. Physiol Rev 2002; 82: 473–502. 10.1152/physrev.00031.2001Suche in Google Scholar

2 Pierce JG, Parsons TF. Glycoprotein hormones: structure and function. Annu Rev Biochem 1981; 50: 465–95. 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002341Suche in Google Scholar

3 Hiyama J, Weisshaar G, Renwick AG. The asparagine-linked oligosaccharides at individual glycosylation sites in human thyrotrophin. Glycobiology 1992; 2: 401–9. 10.1093/glycob/2.5.401Suche in Google Scholar

4 Szkudlinski MW, Thotakura NR, Tropea JE, Grossmann M, Weintraub BD. Asparagine-linked oligosaccharide structures determine clearance and organ distribution of pituitary and recombinant thyrotropin. Endocrinology 1995; 136: 3325–30. 10.1210/endo.136.8.7628367Suche in Google Scholar

5 Canonne C, Papandreou MJ, Medri G, Verrier B, Ronin C. Biological and immunochemical characterization of recombinant human thyrotropin. Glycobiology 1995; 5: 473–81. 10.1093/glycob/5.5.473Suche in Google Scholar

6 Fiete D, Srivastava V, Hindsgaul O, Baenziger JU. A hepatic reticuloendothelial cell receptor specific for SO4-4GalNAc beta 1,4GlcNAc beta 1,2Man alpha that mediates rapid clearance of lutropin. Cell 1991; 67: 1103–10. 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90287-9Suche in Google Scholar

7 Kawasaki T, Ashwell G. Chemical and physical properties of an hepatic membrane protein that specifically binds asialoglycoproteins. J Biol Chem 1976; 251: 1296–302. 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)33740-7Suche in Google Scholar

8 Lehrman MA, Hill RL. The binding of fucose-containing glycoproteins by hepatic lectins. Purification of a fucose-binding lectin from rat liver. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 7419–25. 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)38408-9Suche in Google Scholar

9 Papandreou MJ, Persani L, Asteria C, Ronin C, Beck-Peccoz P. Variable carbohydrate structures of circulating thyrotropin as studied by lectin affinity chromatography in different clinical conditions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993; 77: 393–8. Suche in Google Scholar

10 Miura Y, Perkel VS, Papenberg KA, Johnson MJ, Magner JA. Concanavalin-A, lentil, and ricin lectin affinity binding characteristics of human thyrotropin: differences in the sialylation of thyrotropin in sera of euthyroid, primary, and central hypothyroid patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989; 69: 985–95. 10.1210/jcem-69-5-985Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

11 Trojan J, Theodoropoulou M, Usadel KH, Stalla GK, Schaaf L. Modulation of human thyrotropin oligosaccharide structures-enhanced proportion of sialylated and terminally galactosylated serum thyrotropin isoforms in subclinical and overt primary hypothyroidism. J Endocrinol 1998; 158: 359–65. 10.1677/joe.0.1580359Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

12 Persani L, Borgato S, Romoli R, Asteria C, Pizzocaro A, Beck-Peccoz P. Changes in the degree of sialylation of carbohydrate chains modify the biological properties of circulating thyrotropin isoforms in various physiological and pathological states. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 2486–92. Suche in Google Scholar

13 Medri G, Sergi I, Papandreou MJ, Beck-Peccoz P, Verrier B, Ronin C. Dual activity of human pituitary thyrotrophin isoforms on thyroid cell growth. J Mol Endocrinol 1994; 13: 187–98. 10.1677/jme.0.0130187Suche in Google Scholar

14 Grossmann M, Szkudlinski MW, Tropea JE, Bishop LA, Thotakura NR, Schofield PR, et al. Expression of human thyrotropin in cell lines with different glycosylation patterns combined with mutagenesis of specific glycosylation sites. Characterization of a novel role for the oligosaccharides in the in vitro and in vivo bioactivity. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 29378–85. 10.1074/jbc.270.49.29378Suche in Google Scholar

15 Benkirane MM, Bon D, Costagliola S, Paolucci F, Darbouret B, Prince P, et al. Monoclonal antibody mapping of the antigenic surface of human thyrotropin and its subunits. Endocrinology 1987; 121: 1171–7. 10.1210/endo-121-3-1171Suche in Google Scholar

16 Ronin C, Papandreou MJ, Sergi S, Labbé-Jullié C, Medri G, Hoffmann T, et al. Glycosylation-dependent epitope mapping of human TSH (hTSH) isoforms. Int J Rad Appl Instrum B 1990; 17: 651–6. 10.1016/0883-2897(90)90079-GSuche in Google Scholar

17 Papandreou MJ, Sergi I, Benkirane M, Ronin C. Carbohydrate-dependent epitope mapping of human thyrotropin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1990; 73: 15–26. 10.1016/0303-7207(90)90040-FSuche in Google Scholar

18 Sergi I, Papandreou MJ, Medri G, Canonne C, Verrier B, Ronin C. Immunoreactive and bioactive isoforms of human thyrotropin. Endocrinology 1991; 128: 3259–68. 10.1210/endo-128-6-3259Suche in Google Scholar

19 Zerfaoui M, Ronin C. Glycosylation is the structural basis for changes in polymorphism and immunoreactivity of pituitary glycoprotein hormones. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1996; 34: 749–53. Suche in Google Scholar

20 Kashiwai T, Ichihara K, Endo Y, Tamaki H, Amino N, Miyai K. Immunological and biological characteristics of recombinant human thyrotropin. J Immunol Methods 1991; 143: 25–30. 10.1016/0022-1759(91)90268-KSuche in Google Scholar

21 Saller B, Broda N, Heydarian R, Gorges R, Mann K. Utility of third generation thyrotropin assays in thyroid function testing. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1998; 106: S29–33. 10.1055/s-0029-1212053Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

22 Wood WG, Waller D, Hantke U. An evaluation of six solid-phase thyrotropin (TSH) kits. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1985; 23: 461–71. 10.1515/cclm.1985.23.8.461Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

23 Carayon P, Martino E, Bartalena L, Grasso L, Mammoli C, Costagliola S, et al. Clinical usefulness and limitations of serum thyrotropin measurement by ‘ultrasensitive’ methods. Comparisons of five kits. Horm Res 1987; 26: 105–17. 10.1159/000180689Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

24 Chan BY, Swaminathan R. Analytical and clinical performance of six sensitive thyrotrophin kits. Pathology 1990; 22: 11–5. Suche in Google Scholar

25 Laurberg P. Persistent problems with the specificity of immunometric TSH assays. Thyroid 1993; 3: 279–83. 10.1089/thy.1993.3.279Suche in Google Scholar

26 Spencer CA, Takeuchi M, Kazarosyan M, MacKenzie F, Beckett GJ, Wilkinson E. Interlaboratory/intermethod differences in functional sensitivity of immunometric assays of thyrotropin (TSH) and impact on variability of measurements of subnormal concentrations of TSH. Clin Chem 1995; 41: 367–74. 10.1093/clinchem/41.3.367Suche in Google Scholar

27 Wood WG, Bruns U, Eber O, Langsteger W, Bounaud JY, Bounaud MP. Evaluation of the Abbott IMx ultrasensitive II hTSH immunometric assay in three European centres: a comparison with established commercial immunometric assays for thyrotropin. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1996; 34: 151–8. Suche in Google Scholar

28 Rasmussen AK, Hilsted L, Perrild H, Christiansen E, Siersbaek-Nielsen K, Feldt-Rasmussen U. Discrepancies between thyrotropin (TSH) measurement by four sensitive immunometric assays. Clin Chim Acta 1997; 259: 117–28. 10.1016/S0009-8981(96)06478-9Suche in Google Scholar

29 Price A, Burgin C, Catch I, Cruise M. Functional sensitivity and recovery of thyroid-stimulating hormone. Clin Chem 2001; 47: 2067. 10.1093/clinchem/47.11.2067Suche in Google Scholar

30 Demers LM, Spencer CA. Laboratory medicine practice guidelines: laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2003; 58: 138–40. 10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01681.xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed

31 Thotakura NR, Desai RK, Bates LG, Cole ES, Pratt BM, Weintraub BD. Biological activity and metabolic clearance of a recombinant human thyrotropin produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Endocrinology 1991; 128: 341–8. 10.1210/endo-128-1-341Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

32 Ribela MT, Bianco AC, Bartolini P. The use of recombinant human thyrotropin produced by Chinese hamster ovary cells for the preparation of immunoassay re-agents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 249–56. Suche in Google Scholar

33 Ronin C. Remodeling of glycoprotein and carbohydrate antigens. Clin Chem Lab Med 1998; 36: 373–8. 10.1515/CCLM.1998.063Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

34 Rafferty B, Gaines Das R. Comparison of pituitary and recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) in a multicenter collaborative study: establishment of the first World Health Organization Reference Reagent for rhTSH. Clin Chem 1999; 45: 2207–15. 10.1093/clinchem/45.12.2207Suche in Google Scholar

35 Szkudlinski MW, Thotakura NR, Bucci I, Joshi LR, Tsai A, East-Palmer J, et al. Purification and characterization of recombinant human thyrotropin (TSH) isoforms produced by Chinese hamster ovary cells: the role of sialylation and sulfation in TSH bioactivity. Endocrinology 1993; 133: 1490–503. 10.1210/endo.133.4.8404588Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

36 Legaigneur P, Breton C, El Battari A, Guillemot JC, Auge C, Malissard M, et al. Exploring the acceptor substrate recognition of the human beta-galactoside alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 21608–17. 10.1074/jbc.M100860200Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

37 Unverzagt C, Andre S, Seifert J, Kojima S, Fink C, Srikrishna G, et al. Structure-activity profiles of complex biantennary glycans with core fucosylation and with/without additional alpha 2,3/alpha 2,6 sialylation: synthesis of neoglycoproteins and their properties in lectin assays, cell binding, and organ uptake. J Med Chem 2002; 45: 478–91. 10.1021/jm0110237Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

38 Shinkawa T, Nakamura K, Yamane N, Shoji-Hosaka E, Kanda Y, Sakurada M, et al. The absence of fucose but not the presence of galactose or bisecting N-acetylglucosamine of human IgG1 complex-type oligosaccharides shows the critical role of enhancing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 3466–73. 10.1074/jbc.M210665200Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

39 Schaaf L, Trojan J, Helton TE, Usadel KH, Magner JA. Serum thyrotropin (TSH) heterogeneity in euthyroid subjects and patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: the core fucose content of TSH-releasing hormone-released TSH is altered, but not the net charge of TSH. J Endocrinol 1995; 144: 561–71. 10.1677/joe.0.1440561Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

40 Zanetta JP, Timmerman P, Leroy Y. Gas-liquid chromatography of the heptafluorobutyrate derivatives of the O-methyl-glycosides on capillary columns: a method for the quantitative determination of the monosaccharide composition of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Glycobiology 1999; 9: 255–66. 10.1093/glycob/9.3.255Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

41 Gervais A, Hammel YA, Pelloux S, Lepage P, Baer G, Carte N, et al. Glycosylation of human recombinant gonadotrophins: characterization and batch-to-batch consistency. Glycobiology 2003; 13: 179–89. 10.1093/glycob/cwg020Suche in Google Scholar PubMed