Matrix metalloproteinases, inflammation and atherosclerosis: therapeutic perspectives
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Jean-Louis Beaudeux
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), also called matrixins, are proteinases that participate in extracellular matrix remodelling and degradation. Under normal physiological conditions, the activities of MMPs are precisely regulated at the level of transcription, of activation of the pro-MMP precursor zymogens and of inhibition by endogenous inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases; TIMPs). Alteration in the regulation of MMP activity is implicated in diseases such as cancer, fibrosis, arthritis and atherosclerosis. The pathological effects of MMPs and TIMPs in cardiovascular diseases involve vascular remodelling, atherosclerotic plaque instability and left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction. Since excessive tissue remodelling and increased matrix metalloproteinase activity have been demonstrated during atherosclerotic lesion progression (including plaque disruption), MMPs represent a potential target for therapeutic intervention aimed at modification of vascular pathology by restoring the physiological balance between MMPs and TIMPs. This review describes the members of the MMP and TIMP families and discusses the structure, function and regulation of MMP activity; finally, pharmacological approaches to MMP inhibition are highlighted.
Copyright © 2004 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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Articles in the same Issue
- Matrix metalloproteinases, inflammation and atherosclerosis: therapeutic perspectives
- Regulation of inflammatory responses by activated protein C: the molecular mechanism(s) and therapeutic implications
- Increased serum maternal levels of the HER2 oncoprotein p105 ectodomain in preeclampsia
- Determination of urinary glyoxal and methylglyoxal by high-performance liquid chromatography
- Antioxidants in patients with hyperthyroidism
- Biochemical diagnosis of impaired left ventricular ejection fraction - comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP)
- Autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and LDL oxidation status
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- Decreased expression of the insulin-like growth factor-I-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) phosphoisoform in pre-eclamptic Wharton's jelly and its role in the regulation of collagen biosynthesis
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- Meetings and Awards
