Isoaspartate residues dramatically influence substrate recognition and turnover by proteases
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Livia Böhme
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications influence the structure, stability and biological activity of proteins. Most of the reactions are enzyme-catalyzed, but some, such as asparagine (Asn) and glutamine (Gln) deamidation and the isoaspartate (isoAsp) formation within peptide chains, occur spontaneously. It has been previously shown that certain peptide sequences form isoAsp quite fast if the Asp stretches are exposed to the protein surface, thereby potentially changing susceptibility to proteolysis at these sites. This tempted us to investigate the activity of exo- and endopeptidases against Asp- or isoAsp-containing substrates. Members of the prolyl oligopeptidase family were unable to cleave substrates after proline if isoAsp was placed in the P2-position. Caspases, usually accepting Asp at P1-position of their substrates, did not cleave isoAsp-containing sequences. Similarly, the metal-dependent aminopeptidase amino peptidase N did not turnover N-terminal isoAsp-containing substrates, nor could the endopeptidase matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP 3) hydrolyze a serum amyloid A protein-like substrate if the sequence contained isoAsp instead of Asp. Also, the highly specific enterokinase, usually clipping after a stretch of four Asp residues and a lysine in the P1 position, could not turnover substrates if the P2 amino acid was replaced by isoAsp. In contrast, acylamino acid-releasing enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidases 1, 2 and 4 hydrolyzed substrates containing the isoAsp-Ala motif.
©2008 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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- Editors' Note
- Editors' Note
- Editorial
- Farewell to Hans Fritz, Executive Editor
- Guest Editorial
- Highlight on Advances in Proteolysis Research
- Highlight: 5th General Meeting of the International Proteolysis Society 2007
- Proteinases as hormones: targets and mechanisms for proteolytic signaling
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- Alternative pathways for production of β-amyloid peptides of Alzheimer's disease
- Bauhinia Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors: structural characteristics and biological properties
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- How Na+ activates thrombin – a review of the functional and structural data
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- Isoaspartate-containing amyloid precursor protein-derived peptides alter efficacy and specificity of potential β-secretases
- Trial of the cysteine cathepsin inhibitor JPM-OEt on early and advanced mammary cancer stages in the MMTV-PyMT-transgenic mouse model
- Metastasis-associated C4.4A, a GPI-anchored protein cleaved by ADAM10 and ADAM17
- Intestine-specific expression of green fluorescent protein-tagged cathepsin B: proof-of-principle experiments
- Substrate specificity determination of mouse implantation serine proteinase and human kallikrein-related peptidase 6 by phage display
- In vivo analysis reveals substrate-gating mutants of a rhomboid intramembrane protease display increased activity in living cells
- Human monocytes augment invasiveness and proteolytic activity of inflammatory breast cancer
- Regulation of cathepsin K activity by hydrogen peroxide
- Protein Structure and Function
- Contribution of the C30/C75 disulfide bond to the biological properties of onconase
- Conformational changes in bovine lactoferrin induced by slow or fast temperature increases
Articles in the same Issue
- Editors' Note
- Editors' Note
- Editorial
- Farewell to Hans Fritz, Executive Editor
- Guest Editorial
- Highlight on Advances in Proteolysis Research
- Highlight: 5th General Meeting of the International Proteolysis Society 2007
- Proteinases as hormones: targets and mechanisms for proteolytic signaling
- Glutaminyl cyclases from animals and plants: a case of functionally convergent protein evolution
- Alternative pathways for production of β-amyloid peptides of Alzheimer's disease
- Bauhinia Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitors: structural characteristics and biological properties
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme limits inflammation elicited by Trypanosoma cruzi cysteine proteases: a peripheral mechanism regulating adaptive immunity via the innate kinin pathway
- How Na+ activates thrombin – a review of the functional and structural data
- Cancer cells, adipocytes and matrix metalloproteinase 11: a vicious tumor progression cycle
- Isoaspartate residues dramatically influence substrate recognition and turnover by proteases
- Isoaspartate-containing amyloid precursor protein-derived peptides alter efficacy and specificity of potential β-secretases
- Trial of the cysteine cathepsin inhibitor JPM-OEt on early and advanced mammary cancer stages in the MMTV-PyMT-transgenic mouse model
- Metastasis-associated C4.4A, a GPI-anchored protein cleaved by ADAM10 and ADAM17
- Intestine-specific expression of green fluorescent protein-tagged cathepsin B: proof-of-principle experiments
- Substrate specificity determination of mouse implantation serine proteinase and human kallikrein-related peptidase 6 by phage display
- In vivo analysis reveals substrate-gating mutants of a rhomboid intramembrane protease display increased activity in living cells
- Human monocytes augment invasiveness and proteolytic activity of inflammatory breast cancer
- Regulation of cathepsin K activity by hydrogen peroxide
- Protein Structure and Function
- Contribution of the C30/C75 disulfide bond to the biological properties of onconase
- Conformational changes in bovine lactoferrin induced by slow or fast temperature increases
