Dynamic chromatin: concerted nucleosome remodelling and acetylation
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Anton Eberharter
, Roger Ferreira und Peter Becker
Abstract
The flexibility of chromatin that enables translation of environmental cues into changes in genome utilisation, relies on a battery of enzymes able to modulate chromatin structure in a highly targeted and regulated manner. The most dynamic structural changes are brought about by two kinds of enzymes with different functional principles. Changes in the acetylation status of histones modulate the folding of the nucleosomal fibre. The histone-DNA interactions that define the nucleosome itself can be disrupted by ATP-dependent remodelling factors. This review focuses on recent developments that illustrate various strategies for integrating these disparate activities into complex regulatory schemes. Synergies may be brought about by consecutive or parallel action during the stepwise process of chromatin opening or closing. Tight co-ordination may be achieved by direct interaction of (de-)acetylation enzymes and remodelling ATPases or even permanent residence within the same multi-enzyme complex. The fact that remodelling ATPases can be acetylated by histone acetyltransferases themselves suggests exciting possibilities for the co-ordinate modulation of chromatin structure and remodelling enzymes.
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Highlight: Molecular Machines
- Splicing of a rare class of introns by the U12-dependent spliceosome
- Proteasome-associated proteins: regulation of a proteolytic machine
- Novel insights into the mechanism of chaperone-assisted protein disaggregation
- Dynamic chromatin: concerted nucleosome remodelling and acetylation
- Efficient production of native actin upon translation in a bacterial lysate supplemented with the eukaryotic chaperonin TRiC
- The NC1 dimer of human placental basement membrane collagen IV: does a covalent crosslink exist?
- Intact growth factors are conserved in the extracellular matrix of ancient human bone and teeth: a storehouse for the study of human evolution in health and disease
- Differential accumulation of plastid preprotein translocon components during spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) needle development
- Hypothyroidism induces expression of the peptide transporter PEPT2
- The precursor of secreted aspartic proteinase Sapp1p from Candida parapsilosis can be activated both autocatalytically and by a membrane-bound processing proteinase
- Effects of elastase and cathepsin G on the levels of membrane and soluble TNFα
- Isolation and structural characterisation of a novel 13-amino acid insulin-releasing peptide from the skin secretion of Agalychnis calcarifer