Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter 1
2. Editorial 2
3. Contents 5
4. Preface 11
5. Foreword to Volume 2 13
6. I Amazônia Legal in the mid-1970s and 1980s
7. 1. Alternative strategies to the colonisation policy of the Military Government 19
8. 2. Polonoroeste: A new strategy of integrated rural development 47
9. 3. Conflicts of interest at the Amazonian pioneer fronts in the 1980s 59
10. 4. Mega-projects and their impact on the regional development in East Amazonia: The Grande Carajás programme (PGC) 83
11. 5. The energy-related Plano 2010 and its possible impacts on Amazonia 157
12. 6. The Significance of the New Constitution of 1988 for environmental policy in Amazonia 161
13. II Promising environmental concepts for Amazonia under pressure by economic growth and agrobusiness strategies (1990s–2018)
14. 1. Previous international initiatives for the protection of tropical rain forests 175
15. 2. The International Pilot Programme to Conserve the Brazilian Rain Forests (PPG7: 1993–2009): An approach to sustainable regional development 185
16. 3. Extensive infrastructure programmes as an extreme contrast to concurrent environmental policy measures 213
17. 4. Private colonisation in Mato Grosso and expansion of agribusiness into the cerradão and tropical forest ecosystems 227
18. 5. The new regional policy of the Plan of Sustainable Amazonia (PAS) 255
19. 6. The hydroelectric power plant Belo Monte and its environmental and socio-ecological impacts 269
20. 7. Population in Amazônia Legal 1970–2022 297
21. 8. Scientific research centres, research cooperation programmes and NGO activities in the Amazon region 315
22. III Devastation and environmental degradation policies in Amazônia Legal during the Bolsonaro Government (2019–2022)
23. 1. Chaotic activities of a decided enemy of sustainability in Amazonia 333
24. 2. Destruction of tropical forest ecosystems due to logging and slash-and-burn activities 339
25. 3. The ecological impacts of deforestation and problems of climate change 349
26. 4. Threats to the Indigenous population and their habitats in Amazonia 355
27. 5. Disagreements between donor countries and the Bolsonaro government regarding the Amazon Fund 361
28. 6. The EU-Mercosur agreement failed under Bolsonaro’s presidency 363
29. 7. The situation of Amazônia Legal during the Bolsonaro Government and possible future perspectives 367
30. IV Epilogue
31. 1. Hopes after the change of government in 2023: Lula da Silva as game changer? 371
32. 2. Concluding remarks 391
33. Appendix 403
34. References 411