Effect of Teratogens on Human Embryonic Skeletal Tissue In Vitro

Kapitel in diesem Buch

1. Frontmatter 1
2. Dedication 5
3. Preface 7
4. Table of Contents 9
5. Introduction 13
6. I. Studies on Whole-Embryo Culture
7. Differentiation of Embryonic Tissues in Whole-Embryo Cultures as Compared to the Development In Vivo 19
8. The Differentiation Between Teratogenic Action on Mother, Fetal Membranes and Embryos Using the Whole-Embryo Culture Method 37
9. Trypan Blue Teratogenesis in the Rat In Vitro 43
10. Studies on Embryotoxic Effects of Thallium Using the Whole-Embryo Culture Technique 57
11. Evaluation of Serum Teratogenic Activity Using Rat Embryo Cultures 67
12. Regulation of Mouse Embryogenesis by Exogenous Growth Factors 83
13. Preliminary Communication on the Feasibility of Culturing Whole Embryos in a Chemically Defined Medium 97
14. In Vitro Development of the Heart Under Influence of Retinole Acid 101
15. II. Studies on Organ Cultures
16. A. Differentiation of the Skeleton (predominantly Extremities)
17. Simulation of Limb Bud Skeletogenesis In Vitro 119
18. Comparison of the Differentiation of Muscle and Connective Tissue of Mouse Limb Buds in Culture and In Vivo: A Morphological Study by Indirect Immunofluorescence 135
19. Quantification of Collagen Types I and II in Mouse Limbs during Differentiation In Vitro and In Vivo 161
20. Feasibility of Storing Embryonic Tissues for Subsequent Use in Organ Culture 171
21. Limb Bud Organ Cultures from Mouse Embryos after Apparent Induction of Monooxygenases In Utero. Effects of Cyclophosphamide, Dimethylnitrosamine and Some Thalidomide Derivatives 175
22. On the Significance of Ascorbate and of Cysteine on Differentiation of Limb Buds in Organ Culture 197
23. Effects of Some "Indirectly" Alkylating Agents on Differentiation of Limb Buds in Organ Culture 207
24. Comparison of Effects on Limb Development In Vivo and In Vitro Using Methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine 223
25. Development of Limb Buds in Organ Culture: Examination of Hydroxyurea Enhancement of Bromodeoxyuridine Toxicity Using Image Analysis 237
26. Biochemical Characterization of Mouse Hereditary Chondrodystrophies in Organ Culture 255
27. Effect of Teratogens on Human Embryonic Skeletal Tissue In Vitro 269
28. Aspirin Induced Polydactyly in Rats Mediated by Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis 277
29. B. Differentiation of other Organ Anlagen (kidneys, lungs, heart, prostate gland, haematopoetic system, and intestine)
30. The Developing Kidney as a Model System for Normal and Impaired Organogenesis 291
31. The Embryonic Lung as In Vitro Model for Testing Teratogenic Substances 301
32. The Toxic Effects of Metal Dusts on Human Foetal Lungs In Vitro 319
33. Effects of Substances Influencing Glycosaminoglycan Synthesis on Lung Development in Culture 331
34. Effects of L-azetidine-2-carboxylic Acid and ß-D-xylosides on Lung Development In Vitro 341
35. Interaction of Epithelium and Mesenchyme in the Induction of Foetal Rat and Mouse Prostate Glands by Androgens in Organ Culture 359
36. In Vivo and In Vitro Assays of Trisomie Cells Isolated from the Fetal Organism or Rescued by Transfer to Non-Trisomic Hosts 371
37. Effects of Gliadin-derived Peptides from Bread and Durum Wheat on Small Intestine Cultures from Rat Fetus and Coeliac Children 385
38. III. Studies on Preimplantation Embryos
39. Differential Adhesiveness as a Mechanism of Cell Allocation to Inner Cell.Mass and Trophectoderm in the Mouse Blastocyst 397
40. Inefficient Capacity for Oxidative Phosphorylation of the Trophoblast as a Cause of Delayed Implantation in the Mouse 415
41. Influence of Micromanipulation of Ova on the Postnatal Development of Mice (AKR) 423
42. Investigations on the Mechanism of Action and on the Pharmacokinetics of Cyclophosphamide Treatment during the Preimplantation Period in the Mouse 435
43. Benzo(a)pyrene Metabolism in Early Mouse Embryos 447
44. IV. Studies on Cell and Tissue Cultures
45. Influence of Different Antisera on Mouse Epiphyseal Chondrocytes in Monolayer Culture 457
46. Cell Movement during Blastema Formation. Effect of Cytochalasin B on Cartilage Development In Vitro 465
47. Cell-Substrate Adhesion of Fibroblast-like Cells Under Different In Vitro Conditions. A Scanning and Transmission Electron-Microscopic Study 477
48. Development of Cytochrome P-450-Dependent Drug Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Mouse and Human Tissues In Vitro 495
49. In Vitro Treatment with Metallocene Dichlorides: Determination of the Intracellular Distribution of the Metal Atoms by Use of the Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy 509
50. Morphological Changes Induced by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) in Epithelial Monolayer Culture Using Human and Rodent Fetal Tissues 519
51. V. Studies on Non-mammalian Tissues
52. The Chick Embryo: A Standard Against Which to Judge In Vitro Systems 529
53. Experimental Manipulation Leading to Cardiac Malformation in Chick Embryo 539
54. Morphogenese Systems and In Vitro Techniques in Teratology 553
55. VI. Culture Techniques for "Screening" on Teratogenicity
56. An Assessment of the Available In Vitro Techniques for Detecting Teratogens 561
57. On the Predictability of Developmental Toxicity -especially Prenatal Toxicity - On the Basis of Culture Experiments 567
58. VII. Some Methods Used for Culturing Embryonic Tissues
59. A. Whole-Embryo-Culture: Beck; Anschiitz 587
60. B. Limb Bud Method: Blankenburg 590
61. C. Trowell Method: Zimmermann 594
62. D. "Micro-Mass Culture": Zimmermann 595
63. E. Preimplantation-Embryo Culture 598
64. F. Teratogenicity Testing Method (Chick) 598
65. G. CHEST I and II (Chick): Jelinek and Peterka 599
66. Glossary 607
67. List of Participants 608
68. Index 612
69. Backmatter 622