5 Wastewater treatment: An overview
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Zohaib Saeed
Abstract
With the increasing environmental pollution due to urbanization, industrialization, and the unbalanced use of natural resources, there is a necessity for the introduction of cost effective strategies for environmental remediation. To alleviate water pollution, conventional methods, that is, preliminary, primary, secondary, tertiary, and physiochemical and biological treatments are not sufficient. To combat the alarming levels of wastewater, there is a dire need to use sustainable, effective and low-cost technologies. ZIF-8-based multi-dimensional composites have been proposed to treat wastewater. The exciting attributes of ZIF-8-based composites, such as large surface area and higher adsorption capacity, increase their removal efficiency of noxious substances. A variety of synthesis methods of Zeolite Imidazolate Framework-8-derived composites have been discussed in this chapter. Multi-functional ZIF-8 composites have been used to remove toxic dyes, namely, Rhoda mine b and methylene blue from wastewater. The AgBr/ZIF-8 composites have been found to be the best de-grading material for dyes as their efficiency is 99.5% under visible light. This chapter also sheds light on a number of applications of ZIF-8 for wastewater treatment.
Abstract
With the increasing environmental pollution due to urbanization, industrialization, and the unbalanced use of natural resources, there is a necessity for the introduction of cost effective strategies for environmental remediation. To alleviate water pollution, conventional methods, that is, preliminary, primary, secondary, tertiary, and physiochemical and biological treatments are not sufficient. To combat the alarming levels of wastewater, there is a dire need to use sustainable, effective and low-cost technologies. ZIF-8-based multi-dimensional composites have been proposed to treat wastewater. The exciting attributes of ZIF-8-based composites, such as large surface area and higher adsorption capacity, increase their removal efficiency of noxious substances. A variety of synthesis methods of Zeolite Imidazolate Framework-8-derived composites have been discussed in this chapter. Multi-functional ZIF-8 composites have been used to remove toxic dyes, namely, Rhoda mine b and methylene blue from wastewater. The AgBr/ZIF-8 composites have been found to be the best de-grading material for dyes as their efficiency is 99.5% under visible light. This chapter also sheds light on a number of applications of ZIF-8 for wastewater treatment.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgments V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors IX
- 1 ZIF-8: An overview 1
- 2 ZIF-8 spectacular properties 19
- 3 Heterogeneous catalysis and ZIF-8 33
- 4 Homogenous catalysis using ZIF-8 51
- 5 Wastewater treatment: An overview 59
- 6 Removal of heavy metals using ZIF 8 79
- 7 Light-driven photocatalysis for dyes using ZIF-8 base composite materials 97
- 8 Recent trends in ZIF-8-based composite materials for the removal of ciprofloxacin 111
- 9 Future prospects for ZIF-8-based composite material for decontamination of water 137
- Index 155
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgments V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors IX
- 1 ZIF-8: An overview 1
- 2 ZIF-8 spectacular properties 19
- 3 Heterogeneous catalysis and ZIF-8 33
- 4 Homogenous catalysis using ZIF-8 51
- 5 Wastewater treatment: An overview 59
- 6 Removal of heavy metals using ZIF 8 79
- 7 Light-driven photocatalysis for dyes using ZIF-8 base composite materials 97
- 8 Recent trends in ZIF-8-based composite materials for the removal of ciprofloxacin 111
- 9 Future prospects for ZIF-8-based composite material for decontamination of water 137
- Index 155
