9 Malic acid: fermentative production and applications
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Mukesh Yadav
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have gained lot of industrial interest. These are currently employed in various industries including pharmaceuticals, chemical, textiles, food etc. Organic acids are among the important microbial products. Production of microbial organic acids present numerous advantages like agroindustrial waste may be utilized as substrate, low production cost, natural in origin and production is environment friendly. Malic acid is an organic acid (C4 dicarboxylic acid) that can be produced by microbes. It is also useful in industrial sectors as food, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals etc. Production/extraction of malic acid has been reported from fruits, egg shells, microbes, via chemical synthesis, bio-transformation and from renewable sources. Microbial production of malic acid seems very promising due to various advantages and the approach is environment-friendly. In recent years, researchers have focused on fermentative microbial production of malic acid and possibility of using agro-industrial waste as raw substrates. In current article, malic acid production along with applications has been discussed with recent advances in the area.
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have gained lot of industrial interest. These are currently employed in various industries including pharmaceuticals, chemical, textiles, food etc. Organic acids are among the important microbial products. Production of microbial organic acids present numerous advantages like agroindustrial waste may be utilized as substrate, low production cost, natural in origin and production is environment friendly. Malic acid is an organic acid (C4 dicarboxylic acid) that can be produced by microbes. It is also useful in industrial sectors as food, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals etc. Production/extraction of malic acid has been reported from fruits, egg shells, microbes, via chemical synthesis, bio-transformation and from renewable sources. Microbial production of malic acid seems very promising due to various advantages and the approach is environment-friendly. In recent years, researchers have focused on fermentative microbial production of malic acid and possibility of using agro-industrial waste as raw substrates. In current article, malic acid production along with applications has been discussed with recent advances in the area.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- About the editors V
- Contents VII
- List of contributing authors XIII
- 1 Global organic acids production and their industrial applications 1
- 2 Citric acid: fermentative production using organic wastes as feedstocks 21
- 3 Microbial production of lactic acid using organic wastes as low-cost substrates 35
- 4 Succinic acid: applications and microbial production using organic wastes as low cost substrates 51
- 5 Fumaric acid: fermentative production, applications and future perspectives 69
- 6 An overview about the approaches used in the production of alphaketoglutaric acid with their applications 95
- 7 Gluconic acid: strategies for microbial production using organic waste and applications 111
- 8 Itaconic acid: microbial production using organic wastes as cost-effective substrates 125
- 9 Malic acid: fermentative production and applications 149
- 10 Butyric acid: fermentation production using organic waste as low-cost feedstocks 163
- 11 Oxalic acid: recent developments for cost-effective microbial production 177
- Index 195
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- About the editors V
- Contents VII
- List of contributing authors XIII
- 1 Global organic acids production and their industrial applications 1
- 2 Citric acid: fermentative production using organic wastes as feedstocks 21
- 3 Microbial production of lactic acid using organic wastes as low-cost substrates 35
- 4 Succinic acid: applications and microbial production using organic wastes as low cost substrates 51
- 5 Fumaric acid: fermentative production, applications and future perspectives 69
- 6 An overview about the approaches used in the production of alphaketoglutaric acid with their applications 95
- 7 Gluconic acid: strategies for microbial production using organic waste and applications 111
- 8 Itaconic acid: microbial production using organic wastes as cost-effective substrates 125
- 9 Malic acid: fermentative production and applications 149
- 10 Butyric acid: fermentation production using organic waste as low-cost feedstocks 163
- 11 Oxalic acid: recent developments for cost-effective microbial production 177
- Index 195
