Prosodic change in 100 years: the fall of the rise-fall in an Albanian variety
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Enkeleida Kapia
Abstract
Kapia, Harrington, and Kleber (in press) have proposed two basic intonational patterns for Standard Albanian, L✶ Ha (rise) and L+H✶ La (rise-fall), but the distribution of these two has been reported to vary for the Northern Tosk (NT) variety of Albanian (Kapia and Kleber 2022), in comparison to the Standard variety. In the present study, we examine continuous speech in the form of a folktale produced by NT speakers from three generations in order to find out if any differences exist between the standard and the NT variety in terms of the use and frequency of the rise and the rise-fall, and whether NT has changed over the past century. To achieve this objective, the study combines an apparent-time and real-time design, and analyses speech from three different generations, born, on average, in the years 1886, 1941, and 1987. The results show that there has been a decline of the rise-fall in the non-standard variety of Albanian over the past century, possibly due to a change in the language contact situation. In addition, the study provides evidence for the existence of a new accentual phrase that we analyse as L✶ La. This accentual phrase appears to be a characteristic of continuous speech and is conditioned by phrasal position, as it is found more in nuclear than prenuclear position of an intonation phrase.
Abstract
Kapia, Harrington, and Kleber (in press) have proposed two basic intonational patterns for Standard Albanian, L✶ Ha (rise) and L+H✶ La (rise-fall), but the distribution of these two has been reported to vary for the Northern Tosk (NT) variety of Albanian (Kapia and Kleber 2022), in comparison to the Standard variety. In the present study, we examine continuous speech in the form of a folktale produced by NT speakers from three generations in order to find out if any differences exist between the standard and the NT variety in terms of the use and frequency of the rise and the rise-fall, and whether NT has changed over the past century. To achieve this objective, the study combines an apparent-time and real-time design, and analyses speech from three different generations, born, on average, in the years 1886, 1941, and 1987. The results show that there has been a decline of the rise-fall in the non-standard variety of Albanian over the past century, possibly due to a change in the language contact situation. In addition, the study provides evidence for the existence of a new accentual phrase that we analyse as L✶ La. This accentual phrase appears to be a characteristic of continuous speech and is conditioned by phrasal position, as it is found more in nuclear than prenuclear position of an intonation phrase.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- On the nature of speech dynamics: approaches to studying synchronic variation and diachronic change 1
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Part 1: Empirical perspectives on diachronic change
- Fifty years of monophthong and diphthong shifts in Mainstream Australian English 17
- Coarticulation guides sound change: an acoustic-phonetic study of real-time change in word-initial /l/ over four decades of Glaswegian 49
- The impact of automated phonetic alignment and formant tracking workflows on sound change measurement 89
- One place, two speech communities: differing responses to sound change in Mainstream and Aboriginal Australian English in a small rural town 117
- Prosodic change in 100 years: the fall of the rise-fall in an Albanian variety 145
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Part 2: Factors conditioning synchronic variation
- Control of larynx height in vowel production revisited: a real-time MRI study 175
- Sheila’s roses (are in the paddick): reduced vowels in Australian English 207
- The future of the queen: how to pronounce “König✶innen” ‘gender-neutrally’ in German 245
- Synchronic variation and diachronic change: mora-counting and syllable-counting dialects in Japanese 273
- Reconstructing the timeline of a consonantal change in a German dialect: evidence from agent-based modeling 307
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Part 3: Theoretical approaches at the interface between synchronic variation and diachronic change
- On (mis)aligned innovative perception and production norms 343
- Phonological patterns and dependency relations may arise from aerodynamic factors 369
- Actuation without production bias 395
- Understanding the role of broadcast media in sound change 425
- Connecting prosody and duality of patterning in diachrony, typology, phylogeny, and ontogeny 453
- Index 483
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- On the nature of speech dynamics: approaches to studying synchronic variation and diachronic change 1
-
Part 1: Empirical perspectives on diachronic change
- Fifty years of monophthong and diphthong shifts in Mainstream Australian English 17
- Coarticulation guides sound change: an acoustic-phonetic study of real-time change in word-initial /l/ over four decades of Glaswegian 49
- The impact of automated phonetic alignment and formant tracking workflows on sound change measurement 89
- One place, two speech communities: differing responses to sound change in Mainstream and Aboriginal Australian English in a small rural town 117
- Prosodic change in 100 years: the fall of the rise-fall in an Albanian variety 145
-
Part 2: Factors conditioning synchronic variation
- Control of larynx height in vowel production revisited: a real-time MRI study 175
- Sheila’s roses (are in the paddick): reduced vowels in Australian English 207
- The future of the queen: how to pronounce “König✶innen” ‘gender-neutrally’ in German 245
- Synchronic variation and diachronic change: mora-counting and syllable-counting dialects in Japanese 273
- Reconstructing the timeline of a consonantal change in a German dialect: evidence from agent-based modeling 307
-
Part 3: Theoretical approaches at the interface between synchronic variation and diachronic change
- On (mis)aligned innovative perception and production norms 343
- Phonological patterns and dependency relations may arise from aerodynamic factors 369
- Actuation without production bias 395
- Understanding the role of broadcast media in sound change 425
- Connecting prosody and duality of patterning in diachrony, typology, phylogeny, and ontogeny 453
- Index 483
