7 Early Efforts to Revive Agriculture and Commerce

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents v
3. Illustrations vii
4. Abbreviations ix
5. Note on Transliteration x
6. Acknowledgments xi
7. Maps xiv
8. Introduction 1
9. PART I. IMPERIAL AND LOCAL HISTORIES: MONGOLS AND KARTS
10. Prolegomenon: The Early Period: 615–76/1218–78 13
11. 1 Mongol Invasions of Khurasan 14
12. 2 Mongol Imperial Policies and Herat 36
13. Prolegomenon: The Middle Period: 677–729/1278–1329 55
14. 3 Turmoil in Herat and Khurasan 57
15. 4 Stability in Herat and Khurasan 86
16. Prolegomenon: The Late Period: 729–83/1329–81 116
17. 5 From Ilkhanate to Independent Kingdom 119
18. 6 From Kartid Sultanate to Tamerlane 137
19. Part One: Reflections and Conclusions 172
20. PART II. SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND CULTURAL RENEWAL IN HERAT
21. 7 Early Efforts to Revive Agriculture and Commerce 185
22. 8 Later Efforts to Revive Agriculture and Commerce 212
23. 9 Urban Renewal and Cultural Renaissance 232
24. 10 Fortified Landscape of Herat and its Environs 259
25. Part Two: Reflections and Conclusions 305
26. Glossary 314
27. Appendix 1 Genealogical and Dynastic Charts 319
28. Appendix 2 Land and Water Use 323
29. Appendix 3 Urban Development in the Kartid Period 328
30. Appendix 4 Settlements and Population 333
31. Bibliography 341
32. Index 366