Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Dedication v
3. Contents vii
4. Acknowledgments ix
5. Reign Dates of the Qing Dynasty, 1636–1911 xi
6. Introduction 1
7. 1. A Humble Beginning, 1644–1696 14
8. 2. A Strategic Turn from the Steppe to Tibet, 1696–1701 36
9. 3. The Formative Era, 1701–1722 64
10. 4. Realignment in the Yongzheng Period, 1723–1735 91
11. 5. The Shaping of Independence in the Qianlong Period, 1736–1795 117
12. 6. The Military Presence in Society and Economy 147
13. 7. The Benefit and Cost of Imperial Strategy 189
14. Epilogue 226
15. Abbreviations Used in Notes and Bibliography 243
16. Notes 245
17. Glossary 303
18. Selected Bibliography 311
19. Index 337