Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents vii
3. Foreword xi
4. Preface xvii
5. Acknowledgments xxi
6. Part one. Introduction replication across disciplines
7. Chapter one. Toward a Taxonomy of Scientific Replication 3
8. Chapter two. Borges on Replication and Concept Formation 23
9. Chapter three. The Historical Emergence of Replication reifying: geography through repeated surveys 37
10. Part two. replication in biology: overviews and case studies
11. The Value of Natural History Collections 53
12. Chapter four. Natural History Collections as Dynamic Research Archives 55
13. Chapter five. Looking to the Past to Plan for the Future: Using natural history collections as historical baselines 64
14. Repeatable Monitoring and Observations 81
15. Chapter six. Monitoring: Repeated sampling for understanding nature 83
16. Chapter seven. Monitoring the State of Nature in Israel 94
17. Chapter eight. Creating Coherent Time Series through Repeated Measurements in a Marine Monitoring Program 112
18. Replication and Experiments 123
19. Chapter nine. Contingent Repeatability of Experiments in Time and Space 125
20. Chapter ten. The Influence of Variation among Replicates on Repeatability 139
21. Meta-analysis and the Need for Repeatability 155
22. Chapter eleven. Replication and Repetition in Systematic Reviews and Meta–analyses in Medicine 157
23. Chapter twelve. Clinical Heterogeneity in Multiple Trials of the Antimicrobial Treatment of Cholera 163
24. The Role of Metadata in Creating Reproducible Research 177
25. Chapter thirteen. Reliable Metadata and the Creation of Trustworthy, Reproducible, and Re-usable Data Sets 179
26. Chapter fourteen. Replication of Data Analyses: Provenance in R 195
27. Part three. Integration and synthesis
28. Chapter fifteen. Turning Oranges into Apples Using detectability correction and bias heuristics to compare imperfectly repeated observations 215
29. Chapter sixteen. Dissecting and Reconstructing Time and Space for Replicable Biological Research 233
30. Chapter seventeen. Best Practices for Creating Replicable Research 250
31. Epilogue: A chorus’s dance with replication 265
32. Bibliography 271
33. Contributors 305
34. Index 311