John Benjamins Publishing Company
The discourse of manners and politeness in Restoration and eighteenth-century drama
Abstract
The eighteenth century is often referred to as the age of politeness, and the term politeness has been argued to be a key term in a variety of settings at this time. This paper sets out to investigate the discourse of politeness and, more generally, the discourse of manners during this period and the period leading up to it (1660 to 1790). It focuses on the vocabulary used in talking about manners and politeness and on the way this vocabulary is used in actual interactions. In a first step, it investigates several large corpora and what they can tell us about the development of the vocabulary of manners and politeness before it zooms in, in a second step, on a more detailed investigation of three comedies of the period: Aphra Behn’s The Town-Fop: or Sir Timothy Tawdrey (1676), Sir Richard Steele’s The Conscious Lovers (1722), and Oliver Goldsmith’s She Stoops to Conquer, or The Mistakes of a Night (1773). A close reading and a careful analysis of the discourse of manners and politeness, and crucially the discourse of violations of manners and politeness, in these three plays reveals a significant shift from a preoccupation with honour and reputation in the Restoration period to the politeness of a good character in the early eighteenth century and finally to a concern for polished and somewhat superficial manners in the late eighteenth century. The three comedies thus mirror in a detailed and nuanced way what the development of the vocabulary of manners and politeness suggests in a broad-brush perspective on a much larger scale.
Abstract
The eighteenth century is often referred to as the age of politeness, and the term politeness has been argued to be a key term in a variety of settings at this time. This paper sets out to investigate the discourse of politeness and, more generally, the discourse of manners during this period and the period leading up to it (1660 to 1790). It focuses on the vocabulary used in talking about manners and politeness and on the way this vocabulary is used in actual interactions. In a first step, it investigates several large corpora and what they can tell us about the development of the vocabulary of manners and politeness before it zooms in, in a second step, on a more detailed investigation of three comedies of the period: Aphra Behn’s The Town-Fop: or Sir Timothy Tawdrey (1676), Sir Richard Steele’s The Conscious Lovers (1722), and Oliver Goldsmith’s She Stoops to Conquer, or The Mistakes of a Night (1773). A close reading and a careful analysis of the discourse of manners and politeness, and crucially the discourse of violations of manners and politeness, in these three plays reveals a significant shift from a preoccupation with honour and reputation in the Restoration period to the politeness of a good character in the early eighteenth century and finally to a concern for polished and somewhat superficial manners in the late eighteenth century. The three comedies thus mirror in a detailed and nuanced way what the development of the vocabulary of manners and politeness suggests in a broad-brush perspective on a much larger scale.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Preface vii
- Manners, norms and transgressions 1
- Ipomedon and the elusive nature of blunders in the courtly literature of medieval England 25
- Unrestrained acting and norms of behaviour 51
- Blunders and (un)intentional offence in Shakespeare 75
- The discourse of manners and politeness in Restoration and eighteenth-century drama 101
- “This Demon Anger” 121
- A medical debate of “heated pamphleteering” in the early eighteenth century 141
- Transgressions as a socialisation strategy in Samuel Richardson’s The Apprentice’s Vade Mecum (1734) 165
- Variations from letter-writing manuals 183
- Impoliteness in Blunderland 213
- “Collect a thousand loyalty points and you get a free coffin” 247
- “Meaning you have been known to act rashly” 271
- Name index 295
- Subject index 297
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Preface vii
- Manners, norms and transgressions 1
- Ipomedon and the elusive nature of blunders in the courtly literature of medieval England 25
- Unrestrained acting and norms of behaviour 51
- Blunders and (un)intentional offence in Shakespeare 75
- The discourse of manners and politeness in Restoration and eighteenth-century drama 101
- “This Demon Anger” 121
- A medical debate of “heated pamphleteering” in the early eighteenth century 141
- Transgressions as a socialisation strategy in Samuel Richardson’s The Apprentice’s Vade Mecum (1734) 165
- Variations from letter-writing manuals 183
- Impoliteness in Blunderland 213
- “Collect a thousand loyalty points and you get a free coffin” 247
- “Meaning you have been known to act rashly” 271
- Name index 295
- Subject index 297
