John Benjamins Publishing Company
The production of verbal irony
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Roger J. Kreuz
Abstract
Although verbal irony has been a topic of interest for researchers studying language comprehension, the production of irony is also of great interest, since it highlights the situational, pragmatic, and even cultural factors that affect language use. Issues of production and interpretation have, if anything, become even more salient with the rise of email, texting, and social media. Even though such mediums are conversationally impoverished, new conventions and nonliteral markers have evolved to allow verbal irony to both survive and flourish online. This chapter will provide a review and an assessment of the current state of the literature on these topics.
Abstract
Although verbal irony has been a topic of interest for researchers studying language comprehension, the production of irony is also of great interest, since it highlights the situational, pragmatic, and even cultural factors that affect language use. Issues of production and interpretation have, if anything, become even more salient with the rise of email, texting, and social media. Even though such mediums are conversationally impoverished, new conventions and nonliteral markers have evolved to allow verbal irony to both survive and flourish online. This chapter will provide a review and an assessment of the current state of the literature on these topics.
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Preface vii
- Introduction 1
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Section 1. General empirical studies, with main focus on metaphor
- Producing metaphor (and other forms of non-literal language) in the laboratory 37
- Metaphor and one-off pictures 55
- Metaphor production and metaphor interpretation 85
- On the role of perceptual similarity in producing visual metaphors 105
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Section 2. General empirical studies – other
- On why people don’t say what they mean 129
- How nice does it sound? 175
- How defaultness shapes our language production 211
- Producing figurative meanings 237
- The production of verbal irony 263
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Section 3. Empirical and analytical studies aimed at specific applications
- Generating metaphors in product design 299
- Rock bottoms, juggling balls and coalprints 331
- Figurative production in a computer-mediated discussion forum 363
- The production of time-related metaphors by people who have experienced pregnancy loss 389
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Section 4. Other theoretical analysis and cognitive or computational modelling
- Metaphor generation through context sensitive distributional semantics 421
- Mind the gap 449
- Figurative language 469
- Metaphor as sign and as symbol 511
- Topic Index 533
- Author Index 543
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Preface vii
- Introduction 1
-
Section 1. General empirical studies, with main focus on metaphor
- Producing metaphor (and other forms of non-literal language) in the laboratory 37
- Metaphor and one-off pictures 55
- Metaphor production and metaphor interpretation 85
- On the role of perceptual similarity in producing visual metaphors 105
-
Section 2. General empirical studies – other
- On why people don’t say what they mean 129
- How nice does it sound? 175
- How defaultness shapes our language production 211
- Producing figurative meanings 237
- The production of verbal irony 263
-
Section 3. Empirical and analytical studies aimed at specific applications
- Generating metaphors in product design 299
- Rock bottoms, juggling balls and coalprints 331
- Figurative production in a computer-mediated discussion forum 363
- The production of time-related metaphors by people who have experienced pregnancy loss 389
-
Section 4. Other theoretical analysis and cognitive or computational modelling
- Metaphor generation through context sensitive distributional semantics 421
- Mind the gap 449
- Figurative language 469
- Metaphor as sign and as symbol 511
- Topic Index 533
- Author Index 543
