Mixing, leveling, and pidgin/creole development

Chapters in this book

1. Prelim pages i
2. Preface and Acknowledgments v
3. Contents vii
4. Introduction 1
5. I. Terminology and Typology
6. Jargons, pidgins, creoles, and koines 35
7. A typology of contact languages 71
8. II. Process and evolution
9. Directionality in pidginization and creolization 91
10. Mixing, leveling, and pidgin/creole development 111
11. ‘Matrix language recognition’ and ‘morphene sorting’ as possible structural strategies in pidgin/creole formation 151
12. The creolization of pidgin morphophonology 175
13. III. Sources and Genesis
14. Saramaccan Creole origins 219
15. Lost in transmission 241
16. IV. Questions of Status
17. Creole-like features in the verb system of an Afro-Brazilian variety of Portuguese 265
18. The verb phrase in Afrikaans 289
19. Shaba Swahili 309
20. The status of Isicamtho, an Nguni-based urban variety of Soweto 341
21. V. Aspects of Structure
22. New light on Eskimo pidgins 373
23. Reduplication in Ndyuka 395
24. Tense-aspect-mood in Principense 415
25. Author Index 437
26. Language Index 443
27. Subject Index 451