Ameliorative effect of methanol stem extract of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) bullock on scopolamine-induced sub-chronic cognitive deficit in mice
-
Bukhari Mahmud
,
Aishatu Shehu
and
Mohammed Garba Magaji
Abstract
Background
Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) Bullock is a commonly used medicinal plant in African traditional medicine. The powdered roots and stems of the plant are taken with pap as a memory enhancer among the Yorubas of southwestern Nigeria. The mechanism by which scopolamine induces cognitive deficit mimics the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in cognitive impairment. This study therefore, aimed at investigating the effect of the methanol stem extract of P. nigrescens on sub-chronically scopolamine-induced cognitive deficit in mice.
Method
Phytochemical screening was carried out on the extract using standard protocols. The oral median lethal dose (LD50) was estimated according to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 425 limit test guideline. Doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of the extract were used for the study. The elevated plus maze (EPM) and novel object recognition tests (NORT) were used to assess cognitive function. The brain tissue was assayed for the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.
Results
The plant extract contains phenolics, carbohydrates, tannins, saponins, and unsaturated sterols.The extract decreased the transfer latencies on days 7 and 8 against the scopolamine group in EPM and increased the discrimination index decreased by scopolamine in NORT. The methanol stem extract of P. nigrescens significantly (p ≤ 0.01) reduced MDA level; significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased SOD activity; non-significantly increased GSH activity and the activity of AChE apeared not altered.
Conclusion
The methanol stem extract of P. nigrescens ameliorated sub-chronically scopolamine-induced cognitive deficit via antioxidant mechanism.
Acknowledgment
We are very grateful to the technical staff and management of the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Ahmadu Bello University for their assistance during Laboratory work and for providing the necessary equipment and environment to carry out this work.
Research funding: None declared.
Author contributions: This work was carried out in collaboration with all the authors. B.M. designed the concept of the work, conducted the experiments, and prepared the manuscript. M.G.M designed the concept of the work, supervised the experiments, and reviewed the manuscript. A.S. supervised the experiment, participated in data collection, and reviewed the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: No human subject was used
Ethical approval: Ethical approval was obtained from Ahmadu Bello University Committee on Animal Use and Care with the approval number ABUCAUC/2017/023.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Reviews
- Dual role of T-type calcium channels in anxiety-related behavior
- The use of Huperzia species for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
- Original Articles
- Modulation of key enzymes linked to Parkinsonism and neurologic disorders by Antiaris africana in rotenone-toxified rats
- Evaluation of an outpatient department (OPD)-based prescribing pattern of fixed-dose combinations in a tertiary care institute in Central India
- Effect of endogenous sulfur dioxide on spatial learning and memory and hippocampal damages in the experimental model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
- Allium cepa fraction attenuates STZ-induced dementia via cholinesterase inhibition and amelioration of oxidative stress in mice
- Ameliorative effect of methanol stem extract of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) bullock on scopolamine-induced sub-chronic cognitive deficit in mice
- Redox modulating effects of grape juice during aging
- Cytoprotective effects of the aqueous extract of the Ziziphus jujuba fruit on TBHP-induced damage on human fibroblast cells
- Ameliorative effect of quercetin, catechin, and taxifolin on rotenone-induced testicular and splenic weight gain and oxidative stress in rats
- Altered composition of high-lipid diet may generate reactive oxygen species by disturbing the balance of antioxidant and free radicals
- Solanum leaves extracts exhibit antioxidant properties and inhibit monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase activities (in vitro) in Drosophila melanogaster
- Antioxidative, antimitotic, and DNA-damaging activities of Garcinia kola stem bark, Uvaria chamae root, and Olax subscorpioidea root used in the ethnotherapy of cancers
- Chemical compounds, antioxidant activity, and in vitro and in silico litholytic effects of Zizyphus lotus extracts
- Vietnamese coriander inhibits cell proliferation, survival and migration via suppression of Akt/mTOR pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma
- Short Communication
- A case report on clozapine-induced ventricular ectopics: a fatal adverse drug reaction
