CA/C1 peptidases of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. berghei and their mammalian hosts – a bioinformatical analysis
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Ke Xiao
Abstract
In genome-wide screens we studied CA/C1 peptidases of malaria-causing plasmodia and their hosts (man and mouse). For Plasmodium falciparum and P. berghei, several new CA/C1 peptidase genes encoding proteases of the L- and B-family with specific promoter modules were identified. In addition, two new human CA/C1 peptidase loci and one new mouse gene locus were found; otherwise, the sets of CA/C1 peptidase genes in man and mouse seem to be complete now. In each species studied there is a multitude of CA/C1 peptidases with lysosomal localization signals and partial functional overlap according to similar but subfamily-specific structures. Individual target structures in plasmodia include residues specifically different in CA/C1 peptidase subsite 2. This is of medical interest considering CA/C1 peptidase inhibition for chemotherapy in malaria, malignancies and other diseases. Promoter structures and mRNA regulation differ widely among CA/C1 peptidase subfamilies and between mammals and plasmodia. We characterized promoter modules conserved in mouse and man for the CA/C1 peptidase families B and L (with the L-like subfamily, F-like subfamily and mouse-specific J-like subfamily). RNA motif searches revealed conserved regulatory elements such as GAIT elements; plasmodial CA/C1 peptidase mRNA elements include ARE elements and mammalian mRNAs contain 15-lox DICE elements.
©2009 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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Articles in the same Issue
- Editorial
- Highlight: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Memory
- Highlight: 60th Mosbach Colloquium of the GBM ‘Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Memory’
- Protein carboxyl methylation and the biochemistry of memory
- Chemotaxis: how bacteria use memory
- Mechanistic insights in light-induced cAMP production by photoactivated adenylyl cyclase alpha (PACα)
- Balance of power – dynamic regulation of chromatin in plant development
- Ultrafast memory loss and relaxation processes in hydrogen-bonded systems
- Memory and neural networks on the basis of color centers in solids
- Dissection of gene regulatory networks in embryonic stem cells by means of high-throughput sequencing
- The epigenetic bottleneck of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases
- Protein Structure and Function
- Mechanism of activation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae calcineurin by Mn2+
- Structural analysis of the choline-binding protein ChoX in a semi-closed and ligand-free conformation
- Plasmodium falciparum glyoxalase II: Theorell-Chance product inhibition patterns, rate-limiting substrate binding via Arg257/Lys260, and unmasking of acid-base catalysis
- Genes and Nucleic Acids
- CA/C1 peptidases of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. berghei and their mammalian hosts – a bioinformatical analysis
- Proteolysis
- Placental expression of proteases and their inhibitors in patients with HELLP syndrome
- Irreversible inhibition of human cathepsins B, L, S and K by hypervalent tellurium compounds
