18 The category of number in Kakataibo (Panoan)
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Roberto Zariquiey
Abstract
In this chapter I discuss number in Kakataibo, a Panoan language spoken by approximately 3000−3500 people in the Peruvian Regions of Huanuco and Ucayali. Number is manifested in Kakataibo in the nominal domain, the verbal domain and in other lexical categories (particularly, numerals and quantifiers). In addition to a general plural marker, there are three bound nominal morphemes that express number-related categories: a distributive marker, a generic marker, and a collective marker. Interestingly, personal pronouns have more number choices than nouns, including a distinction between dual/paucal and plural, although this distinction is no longer made by younger speakers. In the verbal domain there is a plural marker, -kan, as well as various other number-related verbal markers: a distributive affix, a marker for plurality of objects, two ‘adverbial’ affixes meaning ‘once’ and ‘again’, and two iterative markers, which also express different types of spatial trajectories. Iteration may also be expressed through verbal reduplication of various types (reduplication of the root, reduplication of the stem and reduplication of the word). Kakataibo has small inventories of numerals and quantifiers. Some number-related categories do not have dedicated markers or constructions in Kakataibo: for example, the language lacks dedicated constructions for associative plurals and dyadic kinship terms.
Abstract
In this chapter I discuss number in Kakataibo, a Panoan language spoken by approximately 3000−3500 people in the Peruvian Regions of Huanuco and Ucayali. Number is manifested in Kakataibo in the nominal domain, the verbal domain and in other lexical categories (particularly, numerals and quantifiers). In addition to a general plural marker, there are three bound nominal morphemes that express number-related categories: a distributive marker, a generic marker, and a collective marker. Interestingly, personal pronouns have more number choices than nouns, including a distinction between dual/paucal and plural, although this distinction is no longer made by younger speakers. In the verbal domain there is a plural marker, -kan, as well as various other number-related verbal markers: a distributive affix, a marker for plurality of objects, two ‘adverbial’ affixes meaning ‘once’ and ‘again’, and two iterative markers, which also express different types of spatial trajectories. Iteration may also be expressed through verbal reduplication of various types (reduplication of the root, reduplication of the stem and reduplication of the word). Kakataibo has small inventories of numerals and quantifiers. Some number-related categories do not have dedicated markers or constructions in Kakataibo: for example, the language lacks dedicated constructions for associative plurals and dyadic kinship terms.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter i
- Contents v
- List of authors ix
- 1 Number in the World’s Languages: Configuring the variation space 1
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I Africa
- 2 Number in Eastern Dan 27
- 3 Number marking in Karko and Nilo-Saharan 63
- 4 Number in Tswana 107
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II Europe and Middle East
- 5 Number in Arabic 131
- 6 Number in Occitan 167
- 7 Number in Slovenian 187
- 8 Number in West Circassian 261
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III Northern Eurasia
- 9 Number in Ket (Yeniseian) 307
- 10 Number in Nganasan 351
- 11 Number in Nivkh 375
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IV Pacific and Australia
- 12 Number in Gooniyandi 427
- 13 Number in Indonesian 457
- 14 Number in Japonic Family 505
- 15 Number in the Languages of the Lower Sepik Family 529
- 16 Number in Marori 577
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V Americas
- 17 Number in the languages of South America 609
- 18 The category of number in Kakataibo (Panoan) 671
- 19 Grammatical simplexity: Number in Kiowa 693
- 20 Number in Mohawk (Iroquoian) 729
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VI Further perspectives on linguistic diversity
- 21 Contact languages: A survey 767
- 22 Number in Russian Sign Language 805
- 23 Number in grammar: results and perspectives 833
- Terms 911
- Languages and language families 917
- Authors 927
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter i
- Contents v
- List of authors ix
- 1 Number in the World’s Languages: Configuring the variation space 1
-
I Africa
- 2 Number in Eastern Dan 27
- 3 Number marking in Karko and Nilo-Saharan 63
- 4 Number in Tswana 107
-
II Europe and Middle East
- 5 Number in Arabic 131
- 6 Number in Occitan 167
- 7 Number in Slovenian 187
- 8 Number in West Circassian 261
-
III Northern Eurasia
- 9 Number in Ket (Yeniseian) 307
- 10 Number in Nganasan 351
- 11 Number in Nivkh 375
-
IV Pacific and Australia
- 12 Number in Gooniyandi 427
- 13 Number in Indonesian 457
- 14 Number in Japonic Family 505
- 15 Number in the Languages of the Lower Sepik Family 529
- 16 Number in Marori 577
-
V Americas
- 17 Number in the languages of South America 609
- 18 The category of number in Kakataibo (Panoan) 671
- 19 Grammatical simplexity: Number in Kiowa 693
- 20 Number in Mohawk (Iroquoian) 729
-
VI Further perspectives on linguistic diversity
- 21 Contact languages: A survey 767
- 22 Number in Russian Sign Language 805
- 23 Number in grammar: results and perspectives 833
- Terms 911
- Languages and language families 917
- Authors 927
