Color measurement
-
Werner Rudolf Cramer
Abstract
Our color perception is characterized by subjective influences. Color measurement enables an objective description of colors. In this process, white light is sent onto a color sample and the reflected rays are measured as a percentage compared to a white standard. The physiological standard color values are first calculated from the physical measured values by standardized conversions. From these, the L*a*b* values can be determined as they are given by the CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage). While one geometry is sufficient for color pigments to describe them, several defined geometries are required for aluminum and interference pigments. These geometries (illumination and observation angles) are specified for the different measuring instruments.
References
1. ISO 10527:2007, CIE standard colorimetric observers.Suche in Google Scholar
2. Wyszecki G, Stiles WS. Color Science, John Wiley & Sons, 1982.Suche in Google Scholar
3. Gerlinger H. Industrielle Farbmesstechnik im Umbruch. Technisches Messen. 1992;59:5.10.1524/teme.1992.59.5.189Suche in Google Scholar
4. Rodrigues ABJ, Measurement of Metallic and Pearlescent Colors. Die Farbe. 1990;37:65.Suche in Google Scholar
5. Gerlinger H. Color Measurement of Pearlescent Paints. Die Farbe. 1990;37:123.Suche in Google Scholar
6. McCamy CS. Relating Colorimetry to Visual Observations. Die Farbe. 1990;37:43.Suche in Google Scholar
7. Cramer WR. Farbmessung an Glimmerpigmenten. Technisches Messen. 1992;60:229.10.1524/teme.1992.59.5.229Suche in Google Scholar
8. Gabel PW, Hofmeister F, Pieper H. Interference Pigments a as Focal Point of Color Measurement. Kontakte (Darmstadt). 1992;(2):25.Suche in Google Scholar
9. Cramer WR. Magical Mixtures, Paint & Coatings Industry. 1999;9:72.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Cramer WR, Gabel PW. Das gewisse Etwas. Farbe + Lack. 2013;109:78.Suche in Google Scholar
11. Cramer WR. Examples of lnterference and the Color Pigment Mixtures Green with Red and Red with Green. Color Res Appl. 2002;8:276.10.1002/col.10063Suche in Google Scholar
12. Kirchner E, Cramer WR. Making Sense of Measurement Geometries for Multi-angle Spectrophotometers. Color Res Appl. 2012;6:186.10.1002/col.20679Suche in Google Scholar
13. Cramer WR. Strategisches Farbdesign. Farbe + Lack. 2003;109:30.Suche in Google Scholar
14. Cramer WR. Methods for Describing Color and Effect. Paint & Coatings Industry. 2018;6:40.10.1016/j.fopow.2018.09.035Suche in Google Scholar
15. Cramer WR. Undercover Influences. Eur Coat J. 2017;(5):56.Suche in Google Scholar
16. Cramer WR. Visual & Instrumental Geometries in Colour Matching. China Coat J. 2012;7:54.Suche in Google Scholar
17. Cramer WR. Characterisation of Interference Pigments. China Coat J. 2019;9:130.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
